{"id":8459,"date":"2011-06-03T11:02:18","date_gmt":"2011-06-03T10:02:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fjala.shkoder.net\/?p=8459"},"modified":"2011-06-03T11:02:18","modified_gmt":"2011-06-03T10:02:18","slug":"nese-shqiperia-rreshqet-rrezikohet-gjithe-rajoni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/2009-2015\/nese-shqiperia-rreshqet-rrezikohet-gjithe-rajoni\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00ebse Shqip\u00ebria rr\u00ebshqet, rrezikohet gjith\u00eb rajoni"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\" Nga Janusz Bugajski<\/strong>*<\/p>\n

Shqip\u00ebria vuan nga t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn gjasht\u00eb \u00e7rregullime t\u00eb lidhura q\u00eb pengojn\u00eb zhvillimin e saj politik, ekonomik dhe nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar dhe q\u00eb mund t\u00eb precipitojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb spirale t\u00eb nj\u00eb konflikti destabilizues komb\u00ebtar:<\/p>\n

1. Bipolarizimi politik: Shqip\u00ebria ka zhvilluar nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb ndar\u00eb mes dy partive, pavar\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrpjekjeve t\u00eb shumt\u00eb nga individ\u00eb brenda partive Socialiste dhe Demokratike gjat\u00eb dy dekadave t\u00eb shkuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb thyer k\u00ebt\u00eb ng\u00ebr\u00e7 dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar parti t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme t\u00eb rrug\u00ebs s\u00eb tret\u00eb. Jeta politike \u00ebsht\u00eb e polarizuar dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb diktuar nga lider\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb, ku menaxhmenti i niveleve t\u00eb larta ka kufizuar ndjesh\u00ebm konkurrenc\u00ebn brenda partis\u00eb dhe kontributin e qytetar\u00ebve n\u00eb vendimmarrje. Raundi m\u00eb i fundit i konfliktit shfaq simptoma t\u00eb k\u00ebtij realiteti thelb\u00ebsor.<\/p>\n

2. Konkurrenc\u00eb e kufizuar politike: P\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar parti t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme dhe elektorale t\u00eb treta kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb rastet kur ato jan\u00eb t\u00eb shk\u00ebputura nga dy formacionet kryesore, lider\u00ebt e t\u00eb cilave k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u00eb dekurajojn\u00eb fraksionet. Edhe pse disa t\u00eb tilla ekzistojn\u00eb dhe kan\u00eb kaluar disa cikle zgjedhore, PD dhe PS s\u00eb bashku kontrollojn\u00eb mbi tre t\u00eb kat\u00ebrtat e vendeve n\u00eb parlament. Partive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha u shkon p\u00ebr shtat m\u00eb shum\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh formacionesh t\u00eb vogla n\u00eb parlament se nj\u00eb forc\u00eb t\u00eb tret\u00eb politike, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet kuror\u00ebzuese e fituesit dhe q\u00eb mund t\u2019i t\u00ebrheq\u00eb ata n\u00eb koalicione elektorale. Pas \u00e7do raundi t\u00eb zgjedhjeve parlamentare, disa parti t\u00eb vogla hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb koalicionet qeveris\u00ebse, por kjo nuk k\u00ebrc\u00ebnon monopolin e dy partive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe nuk kontribuon n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ndjeshme n\u00eb zhvillimin e programeve t\u00eb reja politike dhe n\u00eb nxitjen e konkurrenc\u00ebs politike.<\/p>\n

3. Konfliktet jo- ideologjike: Mosmarr\u00ebveshjet themelore politike n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb ideologjit\u00eb partiake ose n\u00eb programet e tyre p\u00ebr shkak se dy formacionet e m\u00ebdha ndajn\u00eb thuajse t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat objektiva. E majta, qendra dhe e djathta jan\u00eb nga pik\u00ebpamja e programeve pa ndonj\u00eb kuptim n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, ndarjet politike jan\u00eb t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb besnik\u00ebrin\u00eb ndaj grupit dhe mb\u00ebshtetjen ndaj lidershipit, e konkretizuar n\u00eb dy kampe politike reciprokisht ekskluzive.<\/p>\n

4. Klientelizmi politik: Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar gjat\u00eb 20 viteve t\u00eb shkuar, nj\u00ebsoj me vendet e tjera t\u00eb Ballkanit, dhe p\u00ebrfshin nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb zgjeruar patronazhi, nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb em\u00ebrimeve zyrtare, favorizim t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebsve t\u00eb partis\u00eb n\u00eb pushtet dhe nivele t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb korrupsionit t\u00eb partis\u00eb- shtet. Klientelizmi \u00ebsht\u00eb thell\u00ebsisht i ingranuar n\u00eb sistemin politik, sigurisht jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, dhe minon konkurrenc\u00ebn politike bazuar n\u00eb programin dhe meritat. Gjithashtu kjo n\u00ebnkupton se posti politik \u00ebsht\u00eb fitimprur\u00ebs dhe humbja e k\u00ebtij posti ka kosto financiare, ndaj b\u00ebhet rezistenc\u00eb.<\/p>\n

5. Kultura politike zero: \u00e7do pal\u00eb zgjedhje supozohet t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb fitues dhe humb\u00ebs t\u00eb qart\u00eb dhe kur rezultati \u00ebsht\u00eb ekstremisht i ngusht\u00eb si\u00e7 shohim n\u00eb zgjedhjet e fundit lokale n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb, madje edhe aty ku procesi \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar. Ka shum\u00eb pak tradit\u00eb dhe vullnet p\u00ebr tu angazhuar n\u00eb dialog dhe kompromis. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, ekziston gjithmon\u00eb rreziku se mosmarr\u00ebveshjet mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkall\u00ebzohen n\u00eb konflikt t\u00eb hapur. Dhe nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm \u00e7\u00ebshtje e votave n\u00eb kutit\u00eb e gabuara, por edhe n\u00eb interpretimet e ndryshme dhe p\u00ebrdorimin q\u00eb i b\u00ebhet kodit zgjedhor.<\/p>\n

6. Faktori i hakmarrjes politike: Politika n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri p\u00ebrmban principin q\u00eb ti m\u00eb kontestove fitoren n\u00eb zgjedhje, un\u00eb do ta kund\u00ebrshtoj edhe m\u00eb ashp\u00ebr ty. Dhe nj\u00eb kontest i till\u00eb nuk zhvillohet vet\u00ebm me mjete ligjore. Si rezultat ne kemi par\u00eb bojkot parlamentar, ankesa t\u00eb vazhdueshme tek institucionet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, protesta t\u00eb vazhdueshme publike kund\u00ebr rezultatit zgjedhor e madje edhe akte vandalizmi dhe dhune q\u00eb shpesh synojn\u00eb t\u00eb provokojn\u00eb reagimin e tepruar t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Zgjedhjet e diskutueshme p\u00ebr kryebashkiak n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb dhe beteja q\u00eb vijon p\u00ebr votat kan\u00eb komplikuar ankesat ekzistuese nga zgjedhjet parlamentare t\u00eb vitit 2009 dhe kan\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuar q\u00eb t\u00eb transformojn\u00eb polarizimin politik dhe ng\u00ebr\u00e7in legjislativ n\u00eb nj\u00eb konflikt t\u00eb plot\u00eb civil. E vetmja zgjidhje, megjithat\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb ambient politik t\u00eb tejnxehur, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vendim ligjor p\u00ebr rezultatin e zgjedhjeve q\u00eb plot\u00ebson standardet kushtetuese e nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare (pavar\u00ebsisht n\u00ebse shkon p\u00ebr kandidatin e PD apo at\u00eb t\u00eb PS). Kjo mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrjen n\u00eb nivele t\u00eb larta nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesve t\u00eb BE dhe SHBA p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbutur kriz\u00ebn p\u00ebrpara se konflikti t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkall\u00ebzohet.<\/p>\n

Si rezultat i faktor\u00ebve t\u00eb sip\u00ebrp\u00ebrmendur dhe p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ngecjes politike prej zgjedhjeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb vitit 2009, gjithashtu edhe zgjedhjet e fundit lokale jan\u00eb kthyer n\u00eb nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb rrezikshme p\u00ebr konfrontim e p\u00ebrshkall\u00ebzim t\u00eb dhunsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, reformat e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuar kriteret e an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimit n\u00eb BE kan\u00eb ngecur dhe miratimi i legjislacionit \u00ebsht\u00eb bllokuar. Paraliza afatgjat\u00eb thjesht do t\u00eb rris\u00eb frustrimin social, shtoj\u00eb rrezikun e r\u00ebnies ekonomike dhe do d\u00ebmtoj\u00eb kualifikimin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb BE.<\/p>\n

Shpesh thuhet se kur nj\u00eb vend hyn n\u00eb NATO, aleat\u00ebt kan\u00eb pak instrumente politik\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion p\u00ebr t\u00eb influencuar pozitivisht sjelljen e tij. Kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht e sakt\u00eb n\u00eb rastin e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve shqiptaro- amerikane p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb vler\u00ebsimit t\u00eb lart\u00eb q\u00eb ka Shqip\u00ebria p\u00ebr SHBA-n\u00eb. Uashingtoni ka instrumentet direkt dhe indirekt p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb marr\u00eb vendimet e duhura n\u00eb favor t\u00eb interesave komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb saj. \u00cbsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb asistohet Shqip\u00ebria n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e nj\u00eb sistemi politik m\u00eb konkurrues e m\u00eb t\u00eb hapur, n\u00eb zhvillimin e nj\u00eb gjenerate t\u00eb rinjsh m\u00eb aktiv politikisht, n\u00eb vijimin e p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimit t\u00eb zgjedhjeve, n\u00eb reformimin e institucioneve ky\u00e7e si gjyq\u00ebsori, n\u00eb inkurajimin e medieve jo- partizane dhe n\u00eb rrug\u00eb t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebr tu kualifikuar politikisht p\u00ebr pranimin n\u00eb BE dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr tu b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb partner efektiv p\u00ebr SHBA-n\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Uashingtoni mund t\u00eb promovoj\u00eb interesat strategjike t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb duke ndihmuar n\u00eb zgjidhjen e \u00e7\u00ebshtjes pan- komb\u00ebtare, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb Tirana t\u00eb mos rr\u00ebshqas\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrplasje d\u00ebmtuese me fqinj\u00ebt e saj, por t\u00eb mbetet nj\u00eb lojtar konstruktiv politik n\u00eb rajon, si\u00e7 ka qen\u00eb p\u00ebr 20 vite.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb skenar potencialisht negativ mund t\u00eb zhvillohet n\u00eb rajon n\u00eb rast se b\u00ebhen bashk\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb faktor\u00ebsh n\u00eb vitet n\u00eb vijim \u00e7ka mund t\u00eb sjell\u00eb nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri t\u00eb paq\u00ebndrueshme me perspektiv\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuar europiane n\u00eb vend t\u00eb nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrie t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn drejt BE.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebto faktor\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb trazirat sociale n\u00eb rritje n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb si pasoj\u00eb e izolimit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar dhe problemet ekonomike q\u00eb inkurajojn\u00eb element\u00ebt nacionalist\u00eb dhe populist\u00eb q\u00eb dalin si k\u00ebrpudha: ndarja e Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebrmes ndarjeve unilaterale, e mb\u00ebshtetur nga Beogradi: nj\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7arje de facto e konfederat\u00ebs boshnjake dhe rr\u00ebshqitja e saj drejt konfliktit duke inkurajuar ndarjet n\u00eb rajon: dhe konfliktet politike n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Maqedonis\u00eb q\u00eb nisin t\u00eb marrin dimensione etnike me partit\u00eb politike shqiptare q\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb thirrje p\u00ebr federaliz\u00ebm ose dhe p\u00ebr ndarje pasi progresi i Shkupit drejt BE ka ndaluar.<\/p>\n

Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje shum\u00eb komplekse q\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb zgjidhet nga SHBA e BE duke vepruar t\u00eb vetme. Ajo k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb p\u00ebrkushtim m\u00eb t\u00eb madh nga BE me ndihm\u00ebn e SHBA p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb shtetet e Ballkanit sa m\u00eb shpejt t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur duke nisur me Kroacin\u00eb (e cila pritet t\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebsohet n\u00eb vitin 2012) e shoq\u00ebruar kjo me nj\u00eb plan t\u00eb qart\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimi p\u00ebr \u00e7do shtet. Kjo b\u00ebn t\u00eb nevojshme gjithashtu nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfshirje m\u00eb dometh\u00ebn\u00ebse n\u00eb stabilizimin institucional. P\u00ebr fat t\u00eb keq kjo gj\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb popullore n\u00eb BE ku lider\u00ebt dhe taksapaguesit jan\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr sjelljen e problemeve t\u00eb reja n\u00eb Union.<\/p>\n

Mungesa e k\u00ebtyre angazhimeve do t\u00eb zvog\u00ebloj\u00eb perspektivat ekonomike e politike n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor duke nxitur migrimin. Zhg\u00ebnjimi me BE-n\u00eb do t\u00eb rritet dhe efektiviteti i Unionit do vihet n\u00eb pik\u00ebpyetje. Skenar\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb do t\u00eb minojn\u00eb lider\u00ebt reformist\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb sjellin n\u00eb front element\u00eb nacionalist\u00eb dhe populist\u00eb, q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb nga stanjacioni ekonomik dhe zem\u00ebrimi publik n\u00eb rritje dhe mund t\u00eb trumbetojn\u00eb etnicitetin dhe ksenofobin\u00eb si zgjidhje t\u00eb sfidave t\u00eb brendshme n\u00eb rritje. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst, n\u00ebse Shqip\u00ebria rr\u00ebshqet nga konflikti i tejzgjatur politik n\u00eb trazira sociale dhe destabilitet shtet\u00ebror, kjo do t\u00eb kishte konsekuenca negative p\u00ebr rajonin m\u00eb gjer\u00eb.<\/p>\n

*Fjala e mbajtur n\u00eb seanc\u00ebn d\u00ebgjimore t\u00eb Komitetit Amerikan t\u00eb Helsinkit pran\u00eb Kongresit Amerikan<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nga Janusz Bugajski* Shqip\u00ebria vuan nga t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn gjasht\u00eb \u00e7rregullime t\u00eb lidhura q\u00eb pengojn\u00eb zhvillimin e saj politik, ekonomik dhe nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar dhe q\u00eb mund t\u00eb precipitojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb spirale t\u00eb nj\u00eb konflikti destabilizues komb\u00ebtar: 1. Bipolarizimi politik: Shqip\u00ebria ka zhvilluar nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb ndar\u00eb mes dy partive, pavar\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrpjekjeve t\u00eb shumt\u00eb nga individ\u00eb brenda partive […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nN\u00ebse Shqip\u00ebria rr\u00ebshqet, rrezikohet gjith\u00eb rajoni - FjALA e LIR\u00cb - Arkivi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fjala.info\/2009-2015\/nese-shqiperia-rreshqet-rrezikohet-gjithe-rajoni\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"N\u00ebse Shqip\u00ebria rr\u00ebshqet, rrezikohet gjith\u00eb rajoni - FjALA e LIR\u00cb - Arkivi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nga Janusz Bugajski* Shqip\u00ebria vuan nga t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn gjasht\u00eb \u00e7rregullime t\u00eb lidhura q\u00eb pengojn\u00eb zhvillimin e saj politik, ekonomik dhe nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar dhe q\u00eb mund t\u00eb precipitojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb spirale t\u00eb nj\u00eb konflikti destabilizues komb\u00ebtar: 1. 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