{"id":7295,"date":"2011-03-21T08:38:02","date_gmt":"2011-03-21T07:38:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fjala.shkoder.net\/?p=7295"},"modified":"2011-03-21T08:38:02","modified_gmt":"2011-03-21T07:38:02","slug":"arkitekti-i-gjuhes-letrare-kombetare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/2009-2015\/arkitekti-i-gjuhes-letrare-kombetare\/","title":{"rendered":"Arkitekti i gjuh\u00ebs letrare komb\u00ebtare"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dr. Kujtim Kapllani<\/strong>, 21.03.2011<\/em><\/p>\n

Prof.Androkli Kostallarit, me rastin e p\u00ebrvjetorit t\u00eb vdekjes s\u00eb profesor Androkli Kostallarit<\/p>\n

Gjuha letrare komb\u00ebtare a, si\u00e7 p\u00ebrmendet shpesh, gjuha standarde p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson trajt\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb arrir\u00eb t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00ebsuar t\u00eb nj\u00eb kombi t\u00eb kulturuar. P\u00ebrvoja e popujve dhe e kombeve t\u00eb ndryshme e ka arritur nivelin e gjuh\u00ebs standarde sipas larmis\u00eb s\u00eb rrethanave shoq\u00ebrore , kulturore, etnike dhe shtetformuese.<\/p>\n

Gjuha ruse, p.sh., mori si baz\u00eb dialektin e Oriolit, se n\u00eb at\u00eb variant ishin shkruar veprat e Pushkinit, i cili njihet si themelues i letr\u00ebsis\u00eb me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn vijon t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohet kombi rus n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare ( fillimi i t\u00eb gjitha fillimeve n\u00eb art e letrsi, sipas Gorkit); por natyrisht, mori elemente t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme nga dialektet e tjera .<\/p>\n

Gjuha italiane, dit\u00eblindja e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs mendohet shekulli VI, ka n\u00eb themel dialektin e Toskan\u00ebs , n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin u shkruan veprat e Dante Aligerit: natyrisht ndihmuar e pasuruar nga elemente t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb dialekteve t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00ebt q\u00eb guxuan e p\u00ebrvijuan nevoj\u00ebn e gjuh\u00ebs letrare komb\u00ebtare shqipe ishte poeti i formatit t\u00eb madh J. De Rada, i cili mendonte se nje variant t\u00eb till\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebsuar duhej ta p\u00ebrgatitnin m\u00ebm\u00ebdhetar\u00ebt e kulturuar e t’i a jepnin popullit shqiptar… Komisia letrare shtroi nevoj\u00ebn e nj\u00eb gjuhe t\u00eb nj\u00ebsuar.<\/p>\n

I ndjeri P. Marko, n\u00eb nj\u00eb bised\u00eb n\u00eb prani t\u00eb poetit Xh. Spahiu, na p\u00ebrmendi nj\u00eb kujtim nga Gj. Fishta. Poeti i Mrizit t\u00eb zanave ishte ulur n\u00eb nj\u00eb tryez\u00eb poet\u00ebsh dhe kishte pyetur p\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb riun nd\u00ebrmjet tyre:
\n– Po ky, kush \u00e2sht?<\/p>\n

– Petro Marko, jam nga Dh\u00ebrmiu i Vlor\u00ebs.
\n– Mir\u00eb boll, t\u00eb kam lexue… Vreni k\u00ebtu, shkrueni n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. Mos b\u00e2ni gabimin q\u00eb b\u00e2na un\u00eb!…<\/p>\n

Prof. A. Xhuvani propozoi q\u00eb n\u00eb themel t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs letrare komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb vihej Tosk\u00ebrishtja, si varianti m\u00eb i p\u00ebrpunuar nga krijimtaria e Naimit , e Samiut, e F. Konic\u00ebs , e F. Nolit etj.; por drejtshkrimi t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetej n\u00eb geg\u00ebrisht, q\u00eb edhe verior\u00ebt t\u00eb mos mbeteshin t\u00eb pak\u00ebnaqur…<\/p>\n

Pas \u00c7lirimit qendrat albanologjike u shp\u00ebrngul\u00ebn nga Viena e Myniu , nga Leningradi e Berlini, nga Kopenhagen e Parisi etj.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t’u vendosur n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb e, m\u00eb pas, n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb. N\u00eb kushtet e reja etnokulturore , me zhvillimin e vrullsh\u00ebm t\u00eb arsimit e t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs , me rolin gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb madh q\u00eb mori Tirana si kryeqend\u00ebr, u krijuan rrethana t\u00eb reja dhe p\u00ebrzierje t\u00eb folurash e ngjyrime kulturore.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebpun\u00ebs nga Jugu u em\u00ebruan dhe punonin n\u00eb Veri e anasjelltas. Nd\u00ebrkaq, e folura e Veriut kishte arritur te koineja letrare e geg\u00ebrishtes, si\u00e7 kishte arritur t\u00eb p\u00ebrvijohej qart\u00eb edhe koineja letrare e tosk\u00ebrishtes.<\/p>\n

Me kalimin e viteve, me gjith\u00eb pengesat e pap\u00ebrs\u00ebritshme, filluan t\u00eb hapeshin shkolla shqipe n\u00eb trojet shqiptare t\u00eb ish- Jugosllavis\u00eb, q\u00eb mund\u00ebsuan m\u00eb von\u00eb edhe Universitetin e Prishtin\u00ebs. N\u00eb k\u00ebto kushte korifejt\u00eb e kultur\u00ebs son\u00eb e kthyen gjysm\u00ebn e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebkullit XX n\u00eb nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje t\u00eb fuqishme p\u00ebr t’i dh\u00ebn\u00eb kombit fytyr\u00ebn e nj\u00ebsuar letrare.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb l\u00ebvizje masive 5-6 -milion\u00ebshe nuk di k\u00eb t\u00eb radhit\u00ebsh t\u00eb parin e nj\u00eb populli t\u00eb kulturuar: Aleks Bud\u00ebn a Eqerem \u00c7abej, Idriz Ajetin a Rexhep Qosen, Fran\u00e7esko Solano a Fran\u00e7esko Altimarin- nd\u00ebr arb\u00ebresh\u00eb; Mahir Domia a Drit\u00ebro Agollin , Ismail Kadaren\u00eb a Shaban Demiraj, Xh. Spahiun a Ali Podrimen, Dh. Shteriqin apo A. V. Desnickaja…<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb udh\u00eb Prof. A. Kostallari ka merit\u00ebn e padiskutueshme se doli si i pari midis t\u00eb barabart\u00ebve: v\u00ebrejti prirjet dhe hartoi parimet e gjuh\u00ebs letrare komb\u00ebtare. Shqipja standarde, ndryshe nga mjaft gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, u ngjiz n\u00eb baz\u00ebn e bashk\u00ebveprimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dyja dialekteve.<\/p>\n

Studiuesit shqiptar\u00eb, t\u00eb bindur p\u00ebr misionin, por edhe p\u00ebr p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsin\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb mbanin para historis\u00eb, po vijonin pun\u00ebn e gjigant\u00ebve t\u00eb shkollave gramatikore m\u00eb n\u00eb z\u00eb, si: F. Bop, G. Majer. R. Rask, F. Miklosi\u00e7, V. Humbold, N. Jokl, A. V. Desnickaja etj.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse A. Buda u fut vendosm\u00ebrisht n\u00eb larg\u00ebsin\u00eb e pazhbiruar t\u00eb historis\u00eb, A. Xhuvani n\u00eb hullin\u00eb e past\u00ebrtis\u00eb s\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs shqipe, E. \u00c7abej n\u00eb mjegullnaj\u00ebn e rr\u00ebnj\u00ebve t\u00eb fjal\u00ebve, M. Domi n\u00eb struktur\u00ebn e fjalis\u00eb dhe Sh. Demiraj n\u00eb format historike t\u00eb fjal\u00ebve; Prof. A. Kostallari \u00ebsht\u00eb pa dyshim kolona zanore e gjuh\u00ebs son\u00eb letrare komb\u00ebtare . Vepra e tij shkencore ka vul\u00ebn e epok\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrmasat e saj.<\/p>\n

Shqiptar\u00ebt kudo n\u00eb bot\u00eb dol\u00ebn n\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebrt\u00ebn e fundit t\u00eb shekullit XX me nj\u00eb ligj\u00ebrim t\u00eb nj\u00ebsuar n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha normat themelore. Ai p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson shkall\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb gjuhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuar, shum\u00ebfunksionale dhe faz\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs s\u00eb popullit ton\u00eb – k\u00ebtej e matan\u00eb kufijve shtet\u00ebror\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Gjuh\u00ebs letrare komb\u00ebtare Prof. Kostallari i kushtoi gjith\u00e7ka: dijenit\u00eb e tij, shpirtin dhe jet\u00ebn e tij; p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftoi me pen\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shpesh la edhe familjen n\u00eb harres\u00eb… K\u00ebt\u00eb nuk e b\u00ebn kushdo, vet\u00ebm ata q\u00eb bartin tiparet m\u00eb t\u00eb larta t\u00eb rac\u00ebs njer\u00ebzore, t\u00eb dijeve t\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n

Publicisti, goj\u00ebtari, gjuh\u00ebtari mendjendritur dhe organizatori i shk\u00eblqyer i pun\u00ebs shkencore n\u00eb Institutin e Gjuh\u00ebsis\u00eb e t\u00eb Let\u00ebrsis\u00eb dhe n\u00eb Akademin\u00eb e Shkencave lindi m\u00eb 7 n\u00ebntor n\u00eb Leus\u00eb t\u00eb P\u00ebrmetit.<\/p>\n

Mbaroi shkoll\u00ebn e mesme n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr n\u00eb konviktin “Trimat e maleve” dhe nj\u00ebzetvje\u00e7ar doli partizan n\u00eb Luft\u00ebn Antifashiste Nacional\u00e7lirimtare. N\u00eb vitet 1945 – 1949 shfryt\u00ebzoi t\u00eb gjitha energjit\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rip\u00ebrt\u00ebrir\u00eb publicistik\u00ebn shiptare duke punuar si p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs i redaksis\u00eb s\u00eb brendshme, sekretar kolegjumi dhe kryeredaktor i gazet\u00ebs “Bashkimi”.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitet 1949 – 1954 kreu studimet e larta p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebsi n\u00eb universitetin “Lomonosov” t\u00eb Mosk\u00ebs- nj\u00ebri nd\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebgjuarit n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Atje paralelisht kreu edhe tri vitet e para t\u00eb studimeve p\u00ebr gazetari.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb prill t\u00eb vitit 1955 em\u00ebrohet n\u00ebndrejtor i Institutit t\u00eb Gjuh\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Historis\u00eb, m\u00eb 1957 z\u00ebvend\u00ebsdekan i Fakultetit t\u00eb Historis\u00eb e t\u00eb Filologjis\u00eb: m\u00eb 1958 – 1962 dekan i k\u00ebtij Fakulteti dhe drejtor i Institutit t\u00eb Gjuh\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Historis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb punoje n\u00eb nj\u00eb sektor ku derdhnin talentin e tyre m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjt\u00eb e shkenc\u00ebs son\u00eb,si: Prof. Xhuvani, Prof. \u00c7abej, Prof. M. Domi dhe Prof. A. Buda- q\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb ishte n\u00ebndrejtor i Institutit t\u00eb Gjuh\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Historis\u00eb( nd\u00e9 pa u ndar\u00eb Historia nga Gjuh\u00ebsia)- duheshin jo vet\u00ebm aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb rralla drejtuese; por, s\u00eb pari, si shkenc\u00ebtar. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, gjith\u00eb \u00e7’ p\u00ebrmend\u00ebm, b\u00ebjn\u00eb nder n\u00eb bot\u00ebn e p\u00ebrtejme.<\/p>\n

Krahas pun\u00ebs shkencore dhe drejtuese Prof. Kostallari sh\u00ebrbeu si pedagog i leksikografis\u00eb, i leksikologjis\u00eb dhe i gjuh\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme n\u00eb Universitetin e Tiran\u00ebs. Me dijenit\u00eb e thella n\u00eb k\u00ebto disiplina arriti t\u00eb formonte nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb gjer\u00eb specialist\u00ebsh n\u00eb institucione shkencore e arsimore, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt flak\u00ebn e dituris\u00eb e \u00e7uan n\u00eb skajet m\u00eb t\u00eb larg\u00ebta t\u00eb vendit. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00ebpamje, puna del mir\u00ebfilli m\u00eb e dobishme p\u00ebr synimet dhe arritjet e sh\u00ebnuara n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet armat\u00ebs s\u00eb frym\u00ebzuar prej tij.<\/p>\n

Ai i njihte mir\u00eb teorit\u00eb moderne t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebsis\u00eb bot\u00ebrore, dinte t\u00eb p\u00ebrzgjidhte nd\u00ebr to; si pasoj\u00eb edhe t\u00eb hartonte metodologjin\u00eb e duhur shkencore. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb veprimtari at\u00eb e ndihmoi njohja me themel e nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb gjuh\u00ebsh t\u00eb huaja, vullneti i pap\u00ebrkulur dhe mendjempreht\u00ebsia e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr t’u futur n\u00eb shtjellat m\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara t\u00eb oqeanit ku g\u00ebrshetohen ligj\u00ebrimet e ndryshme.<\/p>\n

Si mjesht\u00ebr i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb ai vler\u00ebsoi p\u00ebr her\u00eb studuiuesit m\u00eb t\u00eb ndritur t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebsis\u00eb bot\u00ebrore- q\u00eb nga antikiteti e deri te bashk\u00ebkoh\u00ebsit; por edhe studiues t\u00eb shquar vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr forc\u00ebn shkat\u00ebrruese- p\u00ebr karakterin vet\u00ebm kritik p\u00ebr gjith\u00eb \u00e7’ shkruhej- si Hugo Shukhardi etj.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb Prof. Kostallari kryente detyr\u00ebn e kryeredaktorit t\u00eb revistave shkencore ” Sudime filologjike” , “Studia Albanica” e detyra t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb komisione e redaksi shkencore, n\u00eb \u00e7do organ me karakter t\u00eb till\u00eb. Pasioni i tij ishte puna e palodhur, p\u00ebrkushtimi ishte gjuh\u00ebsia, adhurimi ishte fjala- t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e gjurmonte deri te fol\u00ebsi m\u00eb i larg\u00ebt dhe m\u00eb i moshuar.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb udh\u00eb organizoi nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb gjer\u00eb studiuesish e gjurmuesish t\u00eb fjal\u00ebs shqipe n\u00eb \u00e7do qend\u00ebr fshati t\u00eb bashkuar, t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbenin si visar p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasuruar gjuh\u00ebn e nj\u00ebsuar letrare. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb u arrit q\u00eb deri n\u00eb vitet 1990 kartoteka e leksikut t\u00eb shqipes t\u00eb num\u00ebronte mbi tre milion\u00eb fjal\u00eb e forma fjal\u00ebsh.<\/p>\n

Bashk\u00ebkoh\u00ebsit (ndonj\u00ebri edhe me ndonj\u00eb ngjyr\u00eb keqdashje) thoshin se ai t\u00eb \u00e7on n\u00eb nj\u00ebqind \u00e7ezma e s’t\u00eb jep uj\u00eb. Kjo n\u00ebnkuptonte aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e tij p\u00ebr t\u00eb dep\u00ebrtuar te bashk\u00ebbiseduesi, p\u00ebr t’u mbushur mendjen t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Me autoritetin e theksuar shkencor ai dep\u00ebrtoi deri te hallkat m\u00eb t\u00eb larta partiake e shtet\u00ebrore dhe mundi t\u00eb specializonte nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh punonj\u00ebsish n\u00eb shkollat gjuh\u00ebsore bot\u00ebrore m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrparuara. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb u krijua nj\u00eb brez i nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebm q\u00eb do t\u00eb vijonte pun\u00ebn e pararend\u00ebsve, q\u00eb t\u00eb mos krijohej shk\u00ebputje, zbraz\u00ebti.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t’i \u00e7uar gj\u00ebrat, si gjithmon\u00eb, deri n\u00eb fund; ai nd\u00ebrhyri aq fuqish\u00ebm n\u00eb organet shtet\u00ebrore, sa u mund\u00ebsua nj\u00eb ligj detyrues p\u00ebr drejtshkrimin e normuar n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha organet e shtypit dhe t\u00eb mjeteve t\u00eb komunikimit masiv. K\u00ebshtu u arrit p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsoheshin thuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb njer\u00ebzit e letrave, m\u00ebsuesit etj. p\u00ebr domosdoshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e drejtshkrimit letrar.<\/p>\n

Studimet pas vdekjes s\u00eb Prof. Kostallarit, kryer n\u00eb nj\u00eb realitet asnjan\u00ebs, theksojn\u00eb se te ky gjuh\u00ebtar, ku ndikimi i politik\u00ebs pritej t\u00eb ishte i ndjesh\u00ebm- \u00e7udit\u00ebrisht vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb p\u00ebr qind e vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb tij ndikohet nga politika!<\/p>\n

K\u00ebt\u00eb, fare mir\u00eb mund ta quajm\u00eb “ndikim par exellence”, se tet\u00ebdhjet\u00eb e gjasht\u00eb p\u00ebr qind e k\u00ebtij nj\u00ebp\u00ebrqind\u00ebshi e p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb vet\u00ebm citime n\u00eb hyrje konferencash, duke cituar th\u00ebnie p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb marksizmit n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebsi! Dijetari i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb di t\u00eb ndalet atje ku duhet, q\u00eb t\u00eb jap\u00eb sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb; di t’u shmanget ndikimeve t\u00eb panevojshme dhe di t\u00eb ndjek\u00eb rrjedhat moderne shkencore.<\/p>\n

Kostallari ishte nd\u00ebr t\u00eb pakt\u00ebt- n\u00eb mos i vetmi- q\u00eb zbatonte parimet e gramatik\u00ebs gjenerative , p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuar nga N. S. \u00c7omski. M\u00eb 1978 ai k\u00ebshillonte t\u00eb studiohej sintaksa popullore, t\u00eb vreheshin me v\u00ebmendje p\u00ebrjetimet intuitive t\u00eb fol\u00ebsve t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs popullore.<\/p>\n

Aft\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb folur njer\u00ebzit e kan\u00eb t\u00eb trash\u00ebguar. Ai k\u00ebrkonte t\u00eb hapte n\u00eb Institut nj\u00eb sektor t\u00eb till\u00eb, t\u00eb cilin jo m\u00eb kot e quante “sintaks\u00eb popullore”. N\u00eb vitet ’90, kur leht\u00eb mund t\u00eb lexonim \u00c7omskin a L. Hajgen etj., kemi v\u00ebrejtur n\u00ebnkuptimet e diskutimeve t\u00eb Prof. Kostallarit(kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e natyrshme p\u00ebr nj\u00eb studiues, n\u00eb bibliotek\u00ebn vetjake t\u00eb t\u00eb cilit nuk mungonte asnj\u00eb botim i studimeve bot\u00ebrore m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrparuara). Aft\u00ebsin\u00eb e njeriut p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar ligj\u00ebrim \u00c7omski e quan gramatik\u00eb universale.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrsa shum\u00ebsin\u00eb e ligj\u00ebrimeve n\u00eb glob e shpjegon me faktin q\u00eb G.U. nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem i mbyllur, por l\u00eb disa drejtime a tipare t\u00eb hapura, t\u00eb cilat i quan parametra. K\u00ebto t\u00eb fundit zhvillohen sipas mjedisit ligj\u00ebrimfol\u00ebs me t\u00eb cilin p\u00ebrballet njriu q\u00eb sa lind e rritet.<\/p>\n

Prof. Kostallari studioi me v\u00ebmendje rrug\u00ebt e pasurimit e t\u00eb pastrimit t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs shqipe. Ndihmes\u00eb t\u00eb madhe kan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb studimet e tij “Mbi disa ve\u00e7ori t\u00eb fjal\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs shqipe”(1961), “Kompozitat d\u00ebshirore dhe urdh\u00ebrore t\u00eb shqipes”(1968) .<\/p>\n

N\u00eb studimet e tij n\u00ebnvizohen rrug\u00ebt si mund t\u00eb pasurohet shqipja letrare, ve\u00e7orit\u00eb q\u00eb fiton leksiku i gjuh\u00ebs letrare duke v\u00ebrejtur m\u00eb pas se fjal\u00ebt nj\u00ebrrokshe pak\u00ebsohen n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjes\u00ebtimin e p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb leksikut, fjal\u00ebt dyrrokshe pothuaj mbeten n\u00eb vend, nd\u00ebrsa fjal\u00ebt trirrokshe shtohen- t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb burimi kryesor i formimeve t\u00eb reja t\u00eb fjal\u00ebve, i pasurimit t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs letrare. V\u00ebren se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb faz\u00eb shtohen fjal\u00ebt motivuese.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb referatin e konferenc\u00ebs shkencore t\u00eb vitit 1984 p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsoi arritjet e gjuh\u00ebs letrare dhe p\u00ebrcaktoi drejtimet e s\u00eb ardhmes. Argumentoi shkenc\u00ebrisht lidhjen e nd\u00ebrsjell\u00eb t\u00eb trajt\u00ebs s\u00eb shqpituar me at\u00eb t\u00eb shkruar t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs letrare. Gjuh\u00ebsia normative dhe kultura gjuh\u00ebsore u shpall\u00ebn fushat kryesore t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebsis\u00eb shqiptare.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr sintaks\u00ebn popullore u n\u00ebnvizua nevoja t\u00eb studioheshin ve\u00e7orit\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimore t\u00eb fjalis\u00eb e t\u00eb ligj\u00ebrimit dhe u p\u00ebrvijua detyra p\u00ebr t\u00eb hartuar nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb fjalor\u00ebsh terminologjik\u00eb, redaktor p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs i shumic\u00ebs t\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebve ishte vet\u00eb ai. Argumentoi shkenc\u00ebrisht edhe shtat\u00eb atributet e gjuh\u00ebs standarde, e dal\u00eb nga p\u00ebrpunimi i dy koineve letare dhe bashk\u00ebveprimi nd\u00ebrdialektor.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb trajt\u00ebn mbidialektore v\u00ebrtet 3\/5 e leksikut i p\u00ebrkasin tosk\u00ebrishtes dhe 2\/5 geg\u00ebrishtes; por n\u00eb fonetik\u00eb, n\u00eb gramatik\u00eb- si n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb leksikut- mbizot\u00ebrojn\u00eb elementet e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta; nd\u00ebrsa \u00e7’ mbetet: her\u00eb nj\u00ebri e her\u00eb tjetri dialekt.<\/p>\n

Shqipja letrare \u00ebsht\u00eb model i nj\u00eb gjuhe q\u00eb nuk u krijua ad hoc, por arriti t\u00eb nj\u00ebsohet n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet theksimit e fuqizimit t\u00eb elementeve bashk\u00ebvepruese ( shih rev. Paidea, Brescia-M\u00fcnchen, 1975(XXX), f. 275. Klaus Steinke, “Diachronie und Synchronie in der Balkanlinguistik ” n\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledh\u00ebsin Ziele und dhe Wege der Balkanlinguistik, Berlin 1983, f. 229- 230). K\u00ebshtu trajta letrare u pranua jo vet\u00ebm nga shkenca gjuh\u00ebsore, por edhe nga shoq\u00ebria. Ky nj\u00ebsim solli shuarjen e dy varianteve letrare t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme, por nuk “zhduku dialektet” si variante t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb folur.<\/p>\n

Ve\u00e7ori origjinale e shqipes letrare \u00ebsht\u00eb se nj\u00ebsimi i saj u arrit me p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta t\u00eb pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb kombit shqiptar n\u00eb kontekste t\u00eb ndryshme shtet\u00ebrore e shoq\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n

Pra u vler\u00ebsuan me objektivitet edhe p\u00ebrfundimet e Konferenc\u00ebs Gjuh\u00ebsore t\u00eb 22- 23 prillit 1968, mbajtur n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb; edhe Simpoziumi shkencor i Prishtin\u00ebs i dhjetorit 1980 etj. K\u00ebt\u00eb arritje e p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebn shkrimtar\u00ebt dhe intelektual\u00ebt arb\u00ebresh\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb revist\u00ebn “Vija”, n. 1, korrik 1976, n\u00eb Cosenca, thuhet: “Nuk ka rrug\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr ta pasuruar e p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar gjuh\u00ebn e kultur\u00ebn arb\u00ebreshe p\u00ebrve\u00e7se me lidhje sa m\u00eb t\u00eb plota me gjuh\u00ebn dhe kultur\u00ebn e m\u00ebm\u00ebdheut”.<\/p>\n

Iden\u00eb e gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00ebsuar t\u00eb hedhur q\u00eb n\u00eb Rilindje, Prof. Kostallari e argumentoi shkenc\u00ebrisht; duke qortuar si t\u00eb padrejt\u00eb nxitimin e albanolog\u00ebve N. Jokl dhe A. V. Desnickaja, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk arrit\u00ebn dot t\u00eb p\u00ebrligjnin p\u00ebrpjekjet e rilind\u00ebsve p\u00ebr nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb past\u00ebr amtare.<\/p>\n

Mpreht\u00ebsia dhe puna e palodhur shkencore e dalloi jo vet\u00ebm si vet\u00ebdija e kombit, por t\u00ebrhoqi edhe v\u00ebmendjen e organizmave nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. M\u00eb 1959 dekorohet me Urdh\u00ebrin e Pun\u00ebs t\u00eb Klasit t\u00eb Dyt\u00eb p\u00ebr veprimtari t\u00eb shquar n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e shtypit.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb prill 1970 u b\u00eb Profesor, m\u00eb 1972 dekorohet me Urdh\u00ebrin “Naim Frash\u00ebri” t\u00eb Klasit t\u00eb Par\u00eb- p\u00ebr ndihmes\u00eb t\u00eb shquar n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e arsimit dhe t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs; m\u00eb 1974 mori \u00c7mimin e Republik\u00ebs t\u00eb Shkall\u00ebs s\u00eb Par\u00eb- p\u00ebr vepr\u00ebn shkencore “Drejtshkrimi i gjuh\u00ebs shqipe”. K\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7mim mori edhe p\u00ebr Fjalor i gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb sotme shqipe, si edhe bashkautor\u00ebt; n\u00eb mars 1986 “M\u00ebsues i Popullit”.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 1963 u zgjodh an\u00ebtar i Komitetit t\u00eb Organizat\u00ebs Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Studimeve p\u00ebr Europ\u00ebn Juglindore(AIESEi) dhe m\u00eb 1974- an\u00ebtar i Byros\u00eb s\u00eb k\u00ebtij Komiteti dhe n\u00ebnkryetar i tij.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 1969 e zgjodh\u00ebn an\u00ebtar t\u00eb Komitetit Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Shkencave Onomastike(CIOS). Disa her\u00eb ka marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb me referate e kumtesa shkencore n\u00eb kongrese e simpoziume, duke kryesuar dhe delegacionet shqiptare n\u00eb veprimtari t\u00eb tilla, si n\u00eb: Athin\u00eb, Rom\u00eb, Sofie, Mynih, Kopenhagen, Pris etj.<\/p>\n

Prof. Kostallari ka marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb edhe n\u00eb Kongreset Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Shkencave Onomastike n\u00eb Amsterdam, n\u00eb Vien\u00eb; n\u00eb Kongresin Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Linguistik\u00ebs n\u00eb Berlin- m\u00eb 1987 etj.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn shqipe ka mbajtur konferenca shkencore n\u00eb Universitetin e Gotemborgut( Suedi), ku mori titullin “Doctor Honoris Causa et Magister Artim Literatium”, i pari i k\u00ebtij lloji n\u00eb historin\u00eb e studiuesve shqiptar\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb bibliografin\u00eb e pasur t\u00eb studimeve shkencore t\u00eb Prof. Kostallarit p\u00ebrmendim : Fjalor shqip- rusisht, Fjalor rusisht- shqip, Drejtshkrimi i gjuh\u00ebs shqipe(1973), Fjalor drejtshkrimor i gjuh\u00ebs shqipe(1976).<\/p>\n

Ka botuar edhe 18 monografi e studime, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat: Sur les traits principaux de l’ albanais lit\u00e9raire contemporain”(1966), La figure de Scanderbeg dans la lit\u00e8rature mondiale(1968), Parimet themelore p\u00ebr hartimin e Fjalorit t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb sotme shqipe (1968), Gjuha letrare shqipe dhe epoka jon\u00eb( 1985); \u00ebsht\u00eb kryeredaktor i vepr\u00ebs madhore “Fjalor i gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb sotme shqipe”(1980), Fjalor i shqipes s\u00eb sotme(1984) etj.<\/p>\n

Vepra e tij do t\u00eb mbetet lib\u00ebr tryeze edhe p\u00ebr brezat q\u00eb do t\u00eb vijn\u00eb, se p\u00ebrfshin organikisht t\u00eb djeshmen e pun\u00ebs studimore, t\u00eb sotmen dhe t\u00eb ardhmen e kultur\u00ebs filologjike shqiptare.<\/p>\n

*An\u00ebtar i Akademis\u00eb s\u00eb Mesdheut<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dr. Kujtim Kapllani, 21.03.2011 Prof.Androkli Kostallarit, me rastin e p\u00ebrvjetorit t\u00eb vdekjes s\u00eb profesor Androkli Kostallarit Gjuha letrare komb\u00ebtare a, si\u00e7 p\u00ebrmendet shpesh, gjuha standarde p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson trajt\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb arrir\u00eb t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00ebsuar t\u00eb nj\u00eb kombi t\u00eb kulturuar. P\u00ebrvoja e popujve dhe e kombeve t\u00eb ndryshme e ka arritur nivelin e gjuh\u00ebs standarde sipas […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nArkitekti i gjuh\u00ebs letrare komb\u00ebtare - FjALA e LIR\u00cb - Arkivi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fjala.info\/2009-2015\/arkitekti-i-gjuhes-letrare-kombetare\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Arkitekti i gjuh\u00ebs letrare komb\u00ebtare - FjALA e LIR\u00cb - Arkivi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dr. Kujtim Kapllani, 21.03.2011 Prof.Androkli Kostallarit, me rastin e p\u00ebrvjetorit t\u00eb vdekjes s\u00eb profesor Androkli Kostallarit Gjuha letrare komb\u00ebtare a, si\u00e7 p\u00ebrmendet shpesh, gjuha standarde p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson trajt\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb arrir\u00eb t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00ebsuar t\u00eb nj\u00eb kombi t\u00eb kulturuar. 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