![\"\"](\"http:\/\/fjala.shkoder.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/01\/agron_tufa.jpg\" "\\"Agron")
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Agron TUFA<\/strong><\/p>\n Ka nj\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb n\u00eb gjith\u00eb debatin q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar para dhe pas Konferenc\u00ebs shkencore mbi gjuh\u00ebn shqipe, t\u00eb organizuar nga Qendra e Studimeve Albanologjike n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs. E v\u00ebrteta \u00ebsht\u00eb, se Standardi i Gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb Nj\u00ebsuar Letrare nuk i p\u00ebrgjigjet realitetit t\u00eb ri gjuh\u00ebsor joideologjik, sidomos n\u00eb kushtet e nj\u00eb dinamike t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb komunikimin e bot\u00ebs shqiptare mesvedi, e aq m\u00eb tep\u00ebr zgjerimit gjithnj\u00eb n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb komunikimit brendagjuh\u00ebsor midis trevave tona etnokulturore, q\u00eb nisin nga Jugu i skajsh\u00ebm deri n\u00eb Tivar, Mitrovic\u00eb, Lugin\u00ebn e Preshev\u00ebs, Shkup e deri n\u00eb Oh\u00ebr. Pra, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb realiteti i dikursh\u00ebm i fol\u00ebsve t\u00eb shqipes brenda ish-territorit t\u00eb RPSSH-s\u00eb! Dhe Gjuha duhet t\u2019i p\u00ebrgjigjet e ta pasqyroj\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb realitet me dinamik\u00ebn e vet t\u00eb brendshme komunikative.<\/p>\n Tanim\u00eb lumi Shkumbin nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb kufiri q\u00eb ndan thuajse n\u00eb pjes\u00eb proporcionalisht t\u00eb barabarta regjionet e ish-RPSSH-s\u00eb, qoft\u00eb nga pik\u00ebpamja gjeografike, qoft\u00eb nga pik\u00ebpamja numerike e fol\u00ebsve. A duhet t\u00eb trishtohemi p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb realitet t\u00eb ri t\u00eb zgjeruar? Kurr\u00ebsesi jo! Nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb q\u00eb s\u2019\u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb shpreh\u00eb elasticitetin e \u201cbumit\u201d t\u00eb etnis\u00eb, q\u00eb n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb \u201cp\u00ebrfshij\u00eb\u201d, \u201cp\u00ebrjashton\u201d realitetin e fol\u00ebsve t\u00eb vet, b\u00ebhet penges\u00eb serioze p\u00ebr shprehjen e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt t\u00eb bot\u00ebs logjike e emocionale t\u00eb psikes komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n Prandaj n\u00eb mas\u00ebn e zhvillimeve sociokulturore dhe politike t\u00eb zgjerimit t\u00eb bot\u00ebs shqiptare, gjuha (sidomos gjuha) nuk mund t\u00eb mbetet nj\u00eb struktur\u00eb e ngrir\u00eb, konservatore dhe fanatike, njashtu si\u00e7 e kan\u00eb ngulit\u00eb vendimet arbitrare t\u00eb politik\u00ebs komuniste n\u00eb vititn 1972. E them me tep\u00ebr p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi e sinqeritet k\u00ebt\u00eb, jo si opinion, por si bindje shkencore, si filolog q\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e ka studiuar si shkenc\u00eb n\u00eb universitetet shqiptare dhe t\u00eb huaja; s\u00eb paku, p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb i ngren\u00eb kult vllahut Andorokli Kostallari, jam i shtr\u00ebnguar t\u00eb them, se edhe un\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e kam m\u00ebsuar n\u00eb shkencat e po asaj kulture ku ka m\u00ebsuar Kostallari, ve\u00e7se me nj\u00eb ndryshim: studimet e mia nuk i p\u00ebrkasin asaj periudhe tejet t\u00eb ideologjizuar t\u00eb linguistik\u00ebs kur e vetmja risi diskursive ka qen\u00eb p\u00ebrplasja e tezave t\u00eb dy Josif\u00ebve (Stalinit dhe Marrit). Besoj, se nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nevoja t\u00eb shtoj, q\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn un\u00eb nuk e shoh vet\u00ebm si kavie eksperimentale n\u00eb tryez\u00eb; nuk i qasem asaj me bisturi n\u00eb dor\u00eb me urdh\u00ebr nga Lart\u2026 P\u00ebrkundrazi, Gjuha \u00ebsht\u00eb Qenia ime! Si studiues i saj, si p\u00ebrdorues, si lexues, si krijues e p\u00ebrkthyes.<\/p>\n Prandaj p\u00ebr mua gjuha nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mjet thjesht komunikimi p\u00ebr nevoja t\u00eb ngutshme, sa p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbush\u00eb capak nevoja t\u00eb ngjashme me ato t\u00eb politikan\u00ebve: nevojat e mia nuk p\u00ebrmbushen me 100-150 fjal\u00eb e fjal\u00ebforma si t\u00eb politikan\u00ebve. E ndjej veten princ t\u00eb nj\u00eb trash\u00ebgimie t\u00eb madhe e t\u00eb begat\u00eb dhe t\u00eb vetmet zot\u00ebrime q\u00eb kam, jan\u00eb zot\u00ebrimet e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe nga dialektet \u00e7ame deri t\u00ebk goj\u00ebfoljet e Medvegj\u00ebs e Bujanovcit. Askush nuk mundet me m\u00eb privue prej k\u00ebsaj pasunie\u2026 dhe s\u2019ka p\u00ebr t\u2019ia dal\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn ky\u00e7 kuptimor e demokratik duhet me i kuptue edhe Sh\u00ebnimet e M. Camajt mbi gjuh\u00ebn e veprave t\u00eb tij letrare, t\u00eb cilat nuk u botuen n\u00eb Vepr\u00ebn e Plot\u00eb, edhe pse u premtuen. Ja nj\u00eb fragment nga dor\u00ebshkrimi i Camajt:<\/p>\n \u201cForma ka nd\u00ebrrue prej Poezive (1953-67) vazhdimisht. Ka nd\u00ebrrue edhe gjuha, sepse e kam ndjek\u00eb zhvillimin e saj edhe pse gjuh\u00ebn e kam si zanat. K\u00ebtu mundet me u than\u00eb se un\u00eb jam p\u00ebrpjek\u00eb t\u00eb ndjek k\u00ebt\u00eb zhvillim edhe n\u00eb shkrimet e mia. Pjes\u00eb kryesore e form\u00ebs sidomos n\u00eb poezi asht\u00eb gjuha vet\u00eb; ajo asht\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm ngjyra e vepr\u00ebs letrare, por edhe p\u00ebrmbajtje. Reform\u00ebn gjuh\u00ebsore q\u00eb ka ba Tirana e pranoj deri aty ku mundet me ba kompromise nji geg\u00eb q\u00eb e njeh historin\u00eb e shqipes e t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs s\u00eb saj. Por edhe ata q\u00eb i thon\u00eb vetes \u2018tradicionalist\u00eb\u2019 (ose gegnisht ose tosknisht) duhet ta pranojn\u00eb se ekvilibri mes dy varianteve t\u00eb shkrueme t\u00eb shqipes asht\u00eb prish\u00eb prej p\u00ebrziemjes q\u00eb kan\u00eb ba n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb: shartimi i tosknishtes n\u00eb gegnishte.<\/p>\n Gjuha ime asht\u00eb pak a shum ajo variante q\u00eb shkruhej n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr n\u00eb vjetin 1968. Un\u00eb jam krejt i bindun se kam mbajt\u00eb q\u00ebndrim t\u00eb drejt\u00eb dhe besoj se at\u00eb dit\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn shqiptar\u00ebt kan\u00eb me than\u00eb fjal\u00ebn e vet lirisht mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb kan\u00eb me m\u00eb dhan\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb, pa marr\u00eb para sysh a kan\u00eb me ndjek\u00eb q\u00ebndrimin tim ose at\u00eb t\u00eb Tiran\u00ebs. S\u00eb paku k\u00ebt\u00eb jam i bindun: vet\u00ebm me nji gjuh\u00eb q\u00eb ka rrajet e veta n\u00eb popull munden me u shkrue vepra letrare t\u00eb vlershme. Tradita nuk mundet me u marr\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr kamb\u00eb si nji petk q\u00eb veshet e zdeshet si mbas andjes t\u00eb nji vetje ose klike. Nuk kam dash\u00eb me e shpreh\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mendim me an\u00eb traktatesh ose deklaratash t\u00eb thata (ndon\u00ebse as k\u00ebt\u00eb sjellje t\u00eb ndershme nuk e n\u00ebn\u00e7moj) n\u00eb gazeta ose revista; un\u00eb po p\u00ebrpiqem ta d\u00ebshmoj k\u00ebt\u00eb n\u00eb praktik\u00eb1 \u201c.<\/p>\n N\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha diskutimet mbi gjuh\u00ebn, Standardin letrar dhe dialektet, q\u00eb jan\u00eb zhvilluar gjith\u00eb frik\u00eb e nd\u00ebrpremje, deri tek i mbrami n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs, kam ndesh\u00eb mosdurim, hipokrizi, prapaskena, \u201cshtr\u00ebngime radh\u00ebsh\u201d dhe q\u00ebndrime \u201cbesnik\u00ebrie\u201d n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb lloj-lloj fanatizmash \u2013 t\u00eb gjith \u2013 deri diku t\u00eb arsyetueme. Asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk kam p\u00ebrkrah\u00eb dhe nuk kam mbajt\u00eb q\u00ebndrime pro nj\u00ebrit krah apo pro tjetrit. As sot nuk mendoj, se p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb padrejt\u00ebsive t\u00eb vitit \u201972 gegnishtja duhet t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsoj\u00eb tosk\u00ebrishten! Kurr\u00eb dhe asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb ndreqet nj\u00eb padrejt\u00ebsi e vjet\u00ebr me nj\u00eb padrejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb re! Asnj\u00eb vendim ekstrem nuk shpie n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundime t\u00eb pranueshme, pa shkaktuar l\u00ebndimin e nj\u00ebr\u00ebs pal\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb se situatat gjuh\u00ebsore kan\u00eb prek\u00eb realitete t\u00eb reja. \u00cbsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb se problemin e gegnishtes sot trash\u00ebguesit e vitit 1972 e paraqesin kinse demokratikisht: \u201cKush t\u00eb doj\u00eb le t\u00eb shkruaj n\u00eb geg\u00ebrisht\u201d. Ama, sapo t\u00eb shkruash n\u00eb gegnisht, t\u00eb thon\u00eb: \u201cke mbetur jasht\u00eb komunikimit, sepse ke shkruar n\u00eb geg\u00ebrisht!\u201d.<\/p>\n \u00cbsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb se fol\u00ebsit geg\u00eb gjenden n\u00eb nj\u00eb raport t\u00ebhuajsues me GjNjL-n\u00eb. P\u00ebr ta shkalla e t\u00ebhuaj\u00ebsimit mund t\u00eb shprehet n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb pohimi, q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebnte titullin e nj\u00eb shkrimi (t\u00eb pabotuem): \u201cMendoj gegnisht, ndjej gegnisht, shkruaj tosk\u00ebrisht!\u201d. P\u00ebr k\u00ebta fol\u00ebs ligjet e Standardit, edhe kur jan\u00eb idhujtar\u00eb t\u00eb tij, prodhojn\u00eb produkte qesharake. Nj\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar kosovar, q\u00eb m\u00eb kund\u00ebrvihej (S. Fetihu), shprehet: \u201cth\u00ebn\u00eb m\u00eb troq\u2026\u201d. Un\u00eb e kuptoj se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb frym\u00eb ai mund t\u00eb shprehej, fjalavjen: \u201cTroq, qiftelia don\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebn me dije: \u00e7oft\u00eb i lumtur qifti!\u201d.<\/p>\n \u00c7far\u00eb teze mbroj un\u00eb n\u00eb kushtet e nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrthimi t\u00eb madh komunikativ midis shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb Ballkan?<\/p>\n Paskajorja si regullatore dhe paq\u00ebtuese e Standardit t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt<\/p>\n Teza ime i p\u00ebrmbahet kthimit t\u00eb paskajores, q\u00eb ekziston n\u00eb gegnishte dhe ka ekzistuar q\u00eb n\u00eb dokumentimin m\u00eb t\u00eb hersh\u00ebm t\u00eb shkrimeve shqipe. Repertori i t\u00eb gjitha teksteve shqipe d\u00ebshmon ekzistenc\u00ebn e paskajores nga Buzuku deri n\u00eb shekullin XX, me p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb pak teksteve n\u00eb tosk\u00ebrisht dhe bibl\u00ebs s\u00eb Vangjel Meksit (1827), t\u00eb shkruar me alfabetin grek dhe vjen e fuqizohet n\u00eb fund t\u00eb shekullit XIX me tradit\u00ebn pas Naim Frash\u00ebrit. Paskajorja \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr kategorit\u00eb kryesore t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs dhe pesha e saj n\u00eb ligj\u00ebrimin letrar \u00ebsht\u00eb e paz\u00ebvend\u00ebsueshme.<\/p>\n Ajo nuk mund t\u00eb kompensohet, si\u00e7 k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb alibin\u00eb ithtar\u00ebt e Standardit, me format e p\u00ebrcjellores (duke) plus pjesoreve (-uar), as me parafjal\u00ebn (-p\u00ebr) plus lidhoren (t\u00eb). Nuk kompensohet paskajorja \u201cme qen\u00eb\u201d me format e tipit \u201cp\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb\u201d dhe \u201cduke qenur\u201d, sepse jan\u00eb kategori kuptimore krejt t\u00eb ndryshme. Gegnishtja t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat forma t\u00eb tosk\u00ebrishtes i jep p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht \u2013 \u201cp\u00ebr me qen\u00eb\u201d dhe \u201ctue qen\u00eb\u201d. Nd\u00ebrsa paskajorja gege \u201cme qen\u00eb\u201d, jepet n\u00eb GjNjL sipas tosk\u00ebrishtes, n\u00eb vet\u00ebn e par\u00eb, numri nj\u00ebj\u00ebs, m\u00ebnyra d\u00ebftore: un\u00eb jam! (Interesante, pse nuk e thon\u00eb: m\u00ebnyra tregore?). Vet\u00eb Faik Konica ka qen\u00eb ithtar i p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb paskajores. Madje edhe vet\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorte me raste paskajoren gege. P\u00ebr \u00e7udi, n\u00eb Historia e Gjuh\u00ebs Shqipe t\u00eb Shaban Demirajt as q\u00eb zihet n\u00eb goj\u00eb Konica. Paskajorja \u00ebsht\u00eb kategoria m\u00eb r\u00ebndsishme e tharmimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb gjuhe. Si form\u00eb pavetore e foljes, paskajorja e d\u00ebften veprimin n\u00eb trajt\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb tij. M\u00eb s\u00eb shpeshti paskajorja sh\u00ebrben si baz\u00eb e form\u00ebs s\u00eb foljes2 .<\/p>\n N\u00eb fakt ndryshimi m\u00eb i madh morfologjik midis gegnishtes dhe tosk\u00ebrishtes \u00ebsht\u00eb prania e paskajores tek geg\u00ebt dhe mungesa e saj tek tosk\u00ebt. Paskajorja e gegnishtes krijohet me parafjal\u00ebn me (analogjikisht me anglishte \u2013 to), e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb reduktue n\u00eb pjes\u00ebz, plus nj\u00eb pjesore t\u00eb s\u00eb shkuemes t\u00eb apokopueme: me tha; me p\u00ebrba, me pri, me pru, me shty, me blue, me shp\u00ebrthye (folje me tem\u00eb n\u00eb zanore).<\/p>\n Tosk\u00ebrishtja e z\u00ebvend\u00ebson paskajoren me nj\u00eb shprehje t\u00eb formueme prej parafjal\u00ebs p\u00ebr, plus pjez\u00ebz\u00ebn t\u00eb t\u00eb lidhores, plus pjesoren e shkueme t\u00eb plot\u00eb: p\u00ebr t\u00eb thar\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb prir\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb prur\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtyr\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb bluar, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthyer dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb hapur, p\u00ebr t\u00eb qeshur, p\u00ebr t\u00eb britur, p\u00ebr t\u00eb q\u00ebndisur, p\u00ebr t\u00eb folur. Por ky z\u00ebvend\u00ebsim funksionon mir\u00eb kur \u00ebsht\u00eb fjala p\u00ebr fjali q\u00ebllimore ku p\u00ebr t\u00eb ka kuptimin e \u201cme q\u00ebllim q\u00eb\u201d. K\u00ebshtu gegnishtja Duhet durim p\u00ebr me kap\u00ebrcye pengesat \u00ebsht\u00eb identike me tosk\u00ebrishten Duhet durim p\u00ebr t\u00eb kap\u00ebrcyer pengesat. Ve\u00e7se nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb gege e prime nga nj\u00eb folje modale Due (mundem) me lexue nuk mund t\u00eb jepet n\u00eb tosk\u00ebrisht me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn struktur\u00eb \u2013 Dua (mundem) p\u00ebr t\u00eb lexuar, por vet\u00ebm Dua (mundem) t\u00eb lexoj, pra folja modale plus lidhoren e foljes baz\u00eb.<\/p>\n Po k\u00ebshtu nj\u00eb fjali e till\u00eb si I thash\u00eb me m\u00eb ba me hang\u00ebr nuk mund t\u00eb thuhet si: I thash\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00eb b\u00ebnte t\u00eb ha, gj\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb tosk\u00ebrisht ting\u00ebllon shum\u00eb sh\u00ebmtuet, sepse \u201cme m\u00eb ba me hang\u00ebr\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb shprehje idiomatike gege q\u00eb nuk ka gjegj\u00ebse n\u00eb tosk\u00ebrisht. Dh\u00ebnia n\u00eb tosk\u00ebrisht e shprehjes kishte me qen\u00eb: I thash\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00eb b\u00ebnte gati drek\u00ebn. Po k\u00ebshtu nj\u00eb fjali kushtore gege si Me ma fal\u00eb, s\u2019e marr, detyrimisht duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohet ndryshe n\u00eb tosk\u00ebrisht: S\u2019e marr, edhe po t\u00eb ma fal\u00ebsh. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, paskajorja toske e formueme me fjal\u00ebzat p\u00ebr t\u00eb plus pjesoren e shkrueme t\u00eb foljes baz\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nj\u00ebjta me paskajoren gege q\u00eb formohet prej me plus pjesore e shkueme. Nd\u00ebrsa paskajorja gege p\u00ebrkon me infinitivin e anglishtes, shprehja toske me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin em\u00ebr nuk p\u00ebrkon. Nj\u00eb shprehje e till\u00eb: Me punue asht detyr\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb jepet n\u00eb tosk\u00ebrisht P\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar \u00ebsht\u00eb detyr\u00eb. Duhet t\u2019i sillemi nj\u00eb emri prejfoljor: T\u00eb punuarit \u00ebsht\u00eb detyr\u00eb.<\/p>\n Mungesa e paskajores n\u00eb tosk\u00ebrisht (e cila duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb relativisht e vjet\u00ebr, sepse nuk e gjejm\u00eb as te fragmentet e Ungjillit, por as tek Matr\u00ebnga) ka l\u00ebn\u00eb pasoja te formimi i koh\u00ebs s\u00eb ardhme. G\u00ebgnishtja ka dy t\u00eb ardhme, njena e formueme me t\u00eb tashmen e foljes ndihm\u00ebse me pas\u00eb plus paskajoren e foljes baz\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, e formueme prej modales s\u00eb pandryshueshme do plus lidhoren e foljes baz\u00eb: kam me shkue dhe do t\u00eb shkoj, fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr fjal\u00eb \u201cm\u00eb duhet me shkue\u201d dhe \u201cd\u00ebshiroj me shkue\u201d. Tosk\u00ebrishtja ka vet\u00ebm k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb fundit. Dukuria ka rrjedhoja stilistikore. Nd\u00ebrsa gegnishtja mund ta shmang\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritjen tue iu sjell\u00eb sa njen\u00ebs form\u00eb, sa tjetr\u00ebs, tosk\u00ebrishtja nuk e ka k\u00ebt\u00eb mund\u00ebsi. Le t\u00eb shohim fjalit\u00eb e m\u00ebposhtme:<\/p>\n G Nuk kam me mujt\u00eb me ardh\u00eb sot, por do t\u00eb vij nes\u00ebr. Fjala gege e shmang p\u00ebrs\u00ebritjen e e vij tue p\u00ebrdor\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen q\u00eb formohet me kam \u2013 plus \u2013 paskajore. N\u00eb fjalin\u00eb toske jan\u00eb tri lidhore, kurse dy paskajore e nj\u00eb lidhore n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsen gege. P\u00ebrmbajtja morfologjike e s\u00eb par\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e larmishme.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr rrjedhoj\u00eb gegnishtja ka dy forma t\u00eb kushtores, njena prej t\u00eb cilave vjen prej kombinimit t\u00eb s\u00eb pakryemes s\u00eb ndihm\u00ebses me pas\u00eb plus paskajoren: kisha me shkue, nd\u00ebrsa tjetra formohet prej t\u00eb pakryemes s\u00eb lidhores plus pjes\u00ebz\u00ebn do: do t\u00eb shkojsha. Tosk\u00ebrishtja ka vet\u00ebm do shkoja. Prap\u00eb edhe k\u00ebtu gegnishtja \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e begat\u00eb. Kushtorja del te Pjet\u00ebr Bogdani \u2013 me gjas\u00eb ndikim i italishtes: \u201cKishin\u00eb me u sh\u00ebrbyem \u2013 s\u2019haveriano approffitato\u201d , \u2018kishin me p\u00ebrfitue\u2019 ose \u201caj kish\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u kall\u00ebzuem nj\u00eb kamer\u00eb nd\u00ebt\u00eb sijet kishin p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetun\u00eb kafshet\u00eb \u2013 egli mostrarebbe loro una stanza dove haveriano trovato le cose\u201d, \u2018ai do t\u2019u tregonte nj\u00eb od\u00eb, ku ata do t\u2019i gjenin sendet\u2019. Tek Gramatika e Gjuh\u00ebs Shqipe, Demiraj hesht rreth ekzistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs kushtore n\u00eb shqip, ndoshta i ndikuem prej shkoll\u00ebs Albanologjike t\u00eb Berlinit Lindor (Buchholz, Fiedler, Uhlich: Worterbuch Albanisch \u2013 Deutsch), t\u00eb cil\u00ebt regjistrojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm variantin tosk\u00eb, t\u00eb cilin e quajn\u00eb \u2018Futur \u2013 Conditional\u2019 (E ardhme \u2013 Kushtore). Paskajorja rrit aft\u00ebsin\u00eb shpreh\u00ebse t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs<\/p>\n T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto forma t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs e ligj\u00ebrimit t\u00eb lidhuna me paskajoren gege jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb i japin koh\u00ebn e sakt\u00eb, kuptimin e sakt\u00eb dhe m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e sakt\u00eb shprehjes, por ekonomizojn\u00eb pakufijsh\u00ebm t\u00eb folmen. Paskajorja \u00ebsht\u00eb kategoria gramatikore q\u00eb e mobilizon, kompakt\u00ebson dhe rrit elesticitetin e gjuh\u00ebs me u fut me l\u00ebht\u00ebsi t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie me t\u00eb gjitha trajtat e format e ligj\u00ebrimit, sidomos rrit shkall\u00ebn e p\u00ebrftimit abstrakt t\u00eb kuptimeve. Paskajorja \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme kur operacionet semantike e spektrat emocional\u00eb duhet me luejt\u00eb rolin vendimtar n\u00eb sfer\u00ebn e poezis\u00eb, p\u00ebrkthimit, filozofis\u00eb, shkrimeve t\u00eb shenjta dhe terminologjis\u00eb s\u00eb studimeve humanistike.<\/p>\n Le t\u2019i p\u00ebrmbahemi nj\u00eb shembulli nga p\u00ebrkthimi i Nolit n\u00eb monologun e Hamletit ku heroi pyet veten n\u00ebse jeta ishte e denj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u jetue, nj\u00eb shprehje kjo e nd\u00ebrtueme me paskajore. P\u00ebrkthimi i Nolit p\u00ebr \u201cto be, or not to be\u201d jepet \u201ct\u00eb rro\u00e7 a t\u00eb mos rro\u00e7\u201d, ku rroj (gegnisht \u2013 rrnoj) ka kuptimin \u201cjetoj\u201d dhe jo \u201cjam\u201d. Pse vall\u00eb i bishtnoi Noli literales \u201ct\u00eb jesh a t\u00eb mos jesh? Sepse perceptimi i tij i holl\u00eb estetik e ka ndie se lidhorja t\u00eb jesh nuk bart mjaftuesh\u00ebm at\u00eb pesh\u00eb zanore, nd\u00ebrsa rro\u00e7, nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb q\u00eb fillon me rr dridh\u00ebse dhe e pasueme prej nj\u00eb o-je t\u00eb err\u00ebt, blatohet m\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shpreh\u00eb konceptin pesimist t\u00eb Hamletit p\u00ebr jet\u00ebn. Por \u201cto live\u201d (t\u00eb rrosh, t\u00eb jetosh) \u00ebsht\u00eb e zhveshun prej thell\u00ebsis\u00eb metafizike q\u00eb ka folja \u201cto be\u201d (me qen\u00eb) \u2013 sepse mund t\u00eb jetoj\u00eb\/banoj\u00eb pa e provue kurr\u00eb mundimin cfilit\u00ebs t\u00eb Hamletit, n\u00ebse dikush duhet apo jo t\u00eb ekzistoj\u00eb ndopak. Tashti t\u00eb shqyrtojm\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrkthim gegnisht t\u00eb fraz\u00ebs n\u00eb fjal\u00eb \u201cme qen\u00eb a mos me qen\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n Paskajorja me qen\u00eb nuk e personalizon alternativ\u00ebn, sikuse ndodh me lidhoren q\u00eb e ven foljen n\u00eb vet\u00ebn e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjsit. Tue than\u00eb \u201ct\u00eb jesh a t\u00eb mos jesh\u201d fol\u00ebsi i drejtohet vetes si t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb \u201cti\u201d. Kur thot\u00eb \u201cme qen\u00eb a mos me qen\u00eb\u201d, ai nuk i drejtohet m\u00eb vetes, por e ngre veten n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00ebpyetje, tue sfidue vet\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebn. Folja n\u00eb paskajore duket sikur na sjell nd\u00ebr mend nj\u00eb dimension pafund\u00ebsie, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb kontrast t\u00eb mpreht\u00eb me fund\u00ebsin\u00eb koh\u00eb-hapsinore t\u00eb fol\u00ebsit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e sugjeron veta e dyt\u00eb e nj\u00ebjsit t\u00eb s\u00eb tashmes s\u00eb lidhores. \u00c7ka e ka folja n\u00eb lidhore, i mungon n\u00eb paskajore dhe anasjelltas.<\/p>\n Le ta krahasojm\u00eb tashti shqip\u00ebrimin e Nolit \u201cto be, or not to be, that is the question\u201d n\u00eb \u201ct\u00eb rro\u00e7 a t\u00eb mos rro\u00e7, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja\u201d me nj\u00eb sprov\u00eb shqip\u00ebrimi n\u00eb gegnisht: \u201cme qen\u00eb a mos me qen\u00eb, kjo asht pikpyetja\u201d. Ritmi \u00ebsht\u00eb i nj\u00ebjti, theksat metrik\u00eb bien te rrokjet e dyta, t\u00eb gjashta, t\u00eb shtata dhe t\u00eb dhjeta n\u00eb t\u00eb dy k\u00ebta 11 rroksha. 5 \u00eb-t\u00eb e 11 rrokshit tosk\u00eb i japin vargut nj\u00eb hap t\u00eb but\u00eb, fort t\u00eb ashp\u00ebrsuem prej dy rr-ve. Vargu geg\u00eb, pa asnj\u00eb \u00eb, zot\u00ebron nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb pasur vokalike: tre a, njena prej t\u00eb cilave \u00ebsht\u00eb hundore, kat\u00ebr e, dy prej t\u00eb cilave hundore; nj\u00eb o dhe nj\u00eb y. Numri total i zanoreve n\u00eb t\u00eb dy vargjet \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajse i nj\u00ebjti: 10 n\u00eb gegnisht dhe 9 n\u00eb tosk\u00ebrisht. Edhe numri i zanoreve t\u00eb ndryshme \u00ebsht\u00eb i nj\u00ebjti: gegnisht \u2013 a, e, o, y dhe tosk\u00ebrisht \u2013 a, e, \u00eb, o. Por vargu gegnisht ka nj\u00eb gam\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb pasun vokalike, mbasi fut edhe tre hundore (2 e dhe 1 a) 5.<\/p>\n Tabuizimi i paskajores<\/p>\n N\u00eb shkenc\u00ebn shqiptare t\u00eb albanologjis\u00eb, n\u00eb universitet, n\u00eb studimet tekstore t\u00eb repertorit geg\u00eb, kurr\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ngritur diskutimi mbi paskajoren. Thjesht profesor\u00ebt trash\u00ebgimtar\u00eb t\u00eb testamentit t\u00eb 1972 refuzojn\u00eb me iu p\u00ebrgjigj\u00eb pyetjeve t\u00eb tilla. Sipas tyne idila e standardit t\u00eb 1972 nuk duhet c\u00ebnue me asnj\u00eb pyetje. Student\u00ebt e mi k\u00ebrkuan me u fol\u00eb rreth paskajores s\u00eb d\u00ebbueme prej shqipes letrare. Lind pyetja: \u00e7\u2019pun\u00eb u prishte paskajorja, p\u00ebrpos se me qen\u00eb e vetmja ur\u00eb, e cila do t\u00eb sheshonte nd\u00ebr vite dallimet dialektore t\u00eb shqipes? Un\u00eb mbetem i mendimit, se vet\u00ebm ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201cdor\u00ebzan\u00eb\u201d e afrimit dhe bashkimit t\u00eb dallimeve gjuh\u00ebsore n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb folme t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt letrare \u2013 nj\u00eb nyj\u00eb e pazgjidhshme e standardit p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt.<\/p>\n Prandaj kthimi i saj e shmang diskursin e l\u00ebndimeve t\u00eb vjetra historike dhe padrejt\u00ebsive mbi gegnishten dhe hap nj\u00ebher\u00ebsh perspektiv\u00ebn e nj\u00eb miksteri gjithp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebs t\u00eb goj\u00ebfoljeve shqipe n\u00eb nj\u00eb struktur\u00eb kompakt\u00eb, t\u00eb quajtun Standard i GjNjLSh. Sepse Standardi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb iriq fanatik, i mbyllun brenda gjembave t\u00eb vet ndaj \u00e7do ndryshimi, n\u00eb analogji me tkurrjen, hermetizmin dhe izolacionin komunist ndaj vetes dhe bot\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Dikur, si\u00e7 e pohon gjuh\u00ebsia historike, gjuha shqipe nuk ka pas\u00eb dallime. Edhe tosk\u00ebrishtja e ka pas\u00eb paskajoren. Ekzistojn\u00eb teza t\u00eb shumta rreth humbjes s\u00eb paskajores n\u00eb disa gjuh\u00eb ballkanike, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb bullgarishtja, maqedonishtja, arumanishtja dhe greqishtja. Shqipja e humbi paskajoren e saj n\u00eb Jug, para se t\u00eb lindte dikotomia g\u00ebg\u00eb-tosk\u00eb. Ka nj\u00eb shpjegim historik, q\u00eb n\u00eb versionin tim \u00ebsht\u00eb si vijon, p\u00ebrderisa deri m\u00eb tash nuk kam gjetur ndonj\u00eb fakt q\u00eb t\u00eb vej\u00eb n\u00eb dyshim:<\/p>\n Si\u00e7 dihet, para se t\u00eb vdiste perandori romak Theodosi (shekulli IV e.j), ai ua la trash\u00ebgim perandorin\u00eb dy bijve t\u00eb tij, duke e ndar\u00eb n\u00eb dy pjes\u00eb: Perandoria Romake e Lindjes (Konstandinopolis) dhe Perandoria Romake e Per\u00ebndimit (Roma, Vatikani). Diferencimi i dy pjes\u00ebve t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb ndoshi me dallimin e ritit religjioz zyrtar t\u00eb kristianizmit: Perandoria Romake e Lindjes, e quajtun m\u00eb von\u00eb Bizanti, iu p\u00ebrmbajt ritit ortodoks, nd\u00ebrsa Perandoria Romake e Per\u00ebndimit, iu p\u00ebrmbajt ritit katolik roman. Kufiri i dy Perandorive ka qen\u00eb Vija Egnatia q\u00eb kalon mesp\u00ebrmes Shqip\u00ebris s\u00eb sotme, p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb rrjedh\u00ebs s\u00eb Shkumbinit. Pjesa e shqiptare posht\u00eb Shkumbinit iu n\u00ebnshtrue me shekuj t\u00eb gjat\u00eb ritualeve fetare ortodokse n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn greke t\u00eb Bizantit dhe dihet se i vetmi institucion i pand\u00ebrprem\u00eb, q\u00eb ka ushtrue pushtetin e vet n\u00eb popull ka qen\u00eb kisha, festat kalendarike, ritet e lutjeve, pagezimeve etj. Greqishtja kishtare nuk e ka pas\u00eb paskajoren.<\/p>\n K\u00ebshtu mund ta p\u00ebrfytyrojm\u00eb se si, nd\u00ebr shekuj e shekuj, paskajorja e shqipes n\u00eb Jug \u00ebsht\u00eb brejt\u00eb e ngr\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb \u201cambient acid\u201d, derisa e ka humb\u00eb paskajoren e vet n\u00ebn ndikimin kishtar grek. Ka dhe raste kur n\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00ebt e vjetra dhe baladat e lasht\u00eb t\u00eb jugut dhe arbnesh\u00ebve na del her\u00eb-her\u00eb eshe paskajorja e tretun. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, pjesa shqiptare q\u00eb mbeti mbi Shkumbin, n\u00ebn juridiksionin e Vatikanit zbatoi nd\u00ebr shekuj besimin katolik me ritet romane, e elspozueme n\u00ebn gjuh\u00ebn e predikimit kishtar latin.<\/p>\n Latinishtja e ka pas\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb paskajoren, andaj paskajorja gege nuk ka qen\u00eb n\u00ebn presionin e zhdukjes s\u00eb paskajores, por e ka zhvillue at\u00eb p\u00ebrshtat me situatat gjuh\u00ebsore, si\u00e7 i ndeshim n\u00eb ta parin lib\u00ebr shqip t\u00eb Gjon Buzukut. Kjo sa p\u00ebr histori, me aq sa mund t\u00eb paraqitet n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkrim ku lypet ekonomi sip\u00ebrfaqjeje. Mbase ky shpjegim mund t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb si nxitje p\u00ebr t\u2019iu kthye pambarismisht problemit t\u00eb paskajores, n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha aspektet e mundshme, p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr atyne, q\u00eb nuk d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb aspak t\u00eb flitet p\u00ebr t\u00eb. Dhe kuptohet se p\u00ebrse\u2026<\/p>\n \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 Ky shkrim asht marre prej Gazeta Start Online Agron TUFA Ka nj\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb n\u00eb gjith\u00eb debatin q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar para dhe pas Konferenc\u00ebs shkencore mbi gjuh\u00ebn shqipe, t\u00eb organizuar nga Qendra e Studimeve Albanologjike n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs. E v\u00ebrteta \u00ebsht\u00eb, se Standardi i Gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb Nj\u00ebsuar Letrare nuk i p\u00ebrgjigjet realitetit t\u00eb ri gjuh\u00ebsor joideologjik, sidomos n\u00eb kushtet e nj\u00eb dinamike t\u00eb madhe […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,7],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-5518","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-artikuj","7":"category-letersi"},"yoast_head":"\n
\nT Nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb vij sot, por do t\u00eb vij nes\u00ebr3 .<\/p>\n
\nGegnishtja ka nj\u00eb koh\u00eb dy her\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb i p\u00ebrgjigjet plusquamperfektit t\u00eb anglishtes si p.sh.,: kam pas\u00eb shkue, q\u00eb tosk\u00ebrishtja nuk e ka 4.<\/p>\n
\n1-Tekst dor\u00ebshkrim, i llogaritur dhe i premtuar t\u00eb botohej n\u00eb kolan\u00ebn e veprave t\u00eb plota t\u00eb Martin Camajt, por q\u00eb nuk u botua. Teksti me sa di un\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb botuar n\u00eb suplementin e GSH \u201cMilosao\u201d. Un\u00eb e kam t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar prej Hans-Joachim Lanksch-it. Nuk ka dyshim mbi v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij. Di\u00e7ka t\u00eb ngjashme e gjen dhe n\u00eb letrat e Camajt botuar n\u00eb numra t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm t\u00eb revist\u00ebs \u201cAbanika\u201d (1,2,3,4)
\n2-Arshi Pipa: \u201cPolitika e Gjuh\u00ebs n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb Socialiste\u201d, Princi, Tiran\u00eb 2010
\n3- Po aty
\n4-Arshi Pipa: \u201cPolitika e Gjuh\u00ebs n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb Socialiste\u201d, Princi, Tiran\u00eb 2010
\n5-Po aty<\/p>\n
\nCopyright 2009 \u00a9 GazetaStart.com<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"