{"id":14315,"date":"2015-10-05T23:27:09","date_gmt":"2015-10-05T22:27:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fjala.info\/?p=4477"},"modified":"2015-10-05T23:27:09","modified_gmt":"2015-10-05T22:27:09","slug":"damjane-dhe-sulltane","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/2009-2015\/damjane-dhe-sulltane\/","title":{"rendered":"Damjan\u00eb dhe sulltan\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\" Shkruan: Prof. dr. Aurel Plasari<\/strong>, 04.10.2015<\/em><\/p>\n

Sulltan Sulejmani II<\/strong> (1502- 1566), t\u00eb cilin po orvaten n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb trashamane<\/strong> t\u2019ua paraqesin shqiptar\u00ebve si \u201crind\u00ebrtues\u201d monumentesh kulture \u2013 n\u00eb kuptimin e riv\u00ebnies n\u00eb vend t\u00eb gur\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebshtjell\u00eb fort m\u00eb t\u00eb mo\u00e7me t\u00eb rr\u00ebnuar prej tij ose prej paraardh\u00ebsve t\u00eb tij n\u00eb fushatat p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtypur e n\u00ebnshtruar arb\u00ebrit dhe Arb\u00ebrin\u00eb \u2013 ky sulltan pra ka l\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb histori d\u00ebshmi t\u00eb atyre q\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e sotme do t\u00eb quheshin \u201ckrime kund\u00ebr njer\u00ebzimit<\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e dikurshme quheshin m\u00eb thjesht: rr\u00ebnime, pla\u00e7kitje, masakra etj. Sulltan\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb rezultuan t\u00eb gatsh\u00ebm ta shnd\u00ebrronin Arb\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb grumbull g\u00ebrmadhash t\u00eb zhytura n\u00eb gjak p\u00ebr t\u2019u shpallur mandej \u201crind\u00ebrtues\u201d t\u00eb po atyre g\u00ebrmadhave. P\u00ebr sa i ndodhi kalas\u00eb s\u00eb Lezh\u00ebs, p\u00ebr shembull, kan\u00eb treguar vet\u00eb kronikan\u00eb dhe historian\u00eb osman\u00eb t\u00eb fushat\u00ebs s\u00eb Mehmetit II n\u00eb Arb\u00ebri m\u00eb 1478.<\/p>\n

Tursun-beu<\/strong>: \u201cata [turqit] fortifikuan k\u00ebshtjell\u00ebn e Zhabjakut e t\u00eb Drishtit, nd\u00ebrsa fortes\u00ebs s\u00eb Leshit i vun\u00eb zjarrin dhe e rr\u00ebnuan<\/em>\u201d.
\nBitlisiu<\/strong>: \u201cMbasi kaluan n\u00eb dor\u00ebn e sh\u00ebrb\u00ebtor\u00ebve t\u00eb sulltanit t\u00eb tria fortesat, e Leshit, e Zhabjakut dhe e Drishtit, fortesa e Leshit, meq\u00eb k\u00ebshtu e donte puna, u rr\u00ebnua\u2026.<\/em>\u201d. Ibn Kemal-pashazade<\/strong>: \u201cKryengrit\u00ebsit q\u00eb gjendeshin brenda k\u00ebshtjell\u00ebs s\u00eb Leshit dhe kufomat [e t\u00eb vrar\u00ebve] u dogj\u00ebn krejt\u00ebsisht; tymi i tyre pushtoi horizontin dhe ngjeu kup\u00ebn e qiellit. Ajo u shnd\u00ebrrua n\u00eb pirgje dheu<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Pllaka lavd\u00ebruese e Sulejmanit mund edhe ta ket\u00eb vendin atje, n\u00eb kalan\u00eb e rind\u00ebrtuar. Por at\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb hapen librat e t\u00eb lexohet di\u00e7ka p\u00ebr b\u00ebmat e k\u00ebtij sulltani, \u2013 p\u00ebr shembull se \u00e7far\u00eb e ka lidhur at\u00eb me historin\u00eb e Arb\u00ebris\u00eb, \u2013 sidomos p\u00ebr ata zot\u00ebrinj lexues q\u00eb nuk njohin as burimet osmane dhe as ato per\u00ebndimore, n\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb botuara edhe n\u00eb shqipe. Po k\u00ebshtu do t\u00eb duheshin lexuar edhe b\u00ebmat e sulltan Bajazitit II gjat\u00eb fushat\u00ebs s\u00eb tij nd\u00ebshkimore t\u00eb 1492-shit n\u00eb Arb\u00ebri n\u00ebse nes\u00ebr-pasnes\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb kryeministri mund t\u2019ia ket\u00eb \u00ebnda ta qes\u00eb nga Muzeu i Arkeologjis\u00eb ku ruhet pall\u00ebn e sulltan Bajazitit II dhe ta var\u00eb n\u00eb mysafirhane, n\u00eb mos po ta ngjesh\u00eb n\u00eb brez me d\u00ebshir\u00ebn e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u201cmagjepsur\u201d me t\u00eb partner\u00ebt europian\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb historit\u00eb e ndryshme t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb osmane, Sulejmani II ka z\u00ebn\u00eb vendin e \u201cLigjv\u00ebn\u00ebsit\u201d, duke iu p\u00ebrshkruar dhe analizuar ky atribut si merita m\u00eb e madhe e tij, krahas t\u00eb tjerash merita m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla \u201cperandorake\u201d. Nd\u00ebrkaq ai nuk nderohet dhe as p\u00ebrkujtohet n\u00eb vendet ku derdhi gjak popujsh dhe u regjistrua n\u00eb kujtes\u00ebn historike t\u00eb atyre popujve p\u00ebr rr\u00ebnime, pla\u00e7kitje, masakra etj. Nuk kam informacion n\u00eb nderohet a p\u00ebrkujtohet ai n\u00eb Turqin\u00eb e sotme, ndon\u00ebse nuk p\u00ebrjashtohet gjasa q\u00eb elemente t\u00eb tradit\u00ebs tiranike sulltanore t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb ende si joshje p\u00ebr regjime jodemokratike.<\/p>\n

Fjala vjen: aft\u00ebsia e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb e Sulejmanit II p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar dhe nd\u00ebshkuar \u201carmiq t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm\u201d. T\u00eb quajturat procese gjyq\u00ebsore t\u00eb tyre \u2013 ia num\u00ebrojn\u00eb nd\u00ebr meritat modernizuese k\u00ebtij sulltani \u201cLigjv\u00ebn\u00ebs\u201d \u2013 af\u00ebrmendsh q\u00eb kryheshin pa pranin\u00eb e t\u00eb pandehurve dhe pa kurrfar\u00eb mbrojtjeje. Si prova t\u00eb kryerjes s\u00eb detyr\u00ebs t\u00eb nd\u00ebshkimit t\u00eb \u201carmiqve t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm\u201d n\u00eb oborrin e Sulejmanit II dor\u00ebzoheshin mesatarisht 40-50 koka t\u00eb prera n\u00eb nj\u00eb dit\u00eb t\u00eb vetme: lexohet ky num\u00ebr, p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb Historin\u00eb (1560) e fr\u00ebngut Guillaume Postel, i cili mbahet p\u00ebr nj\u00eb nga mendjet m\u00eb t\u00eb hapura t\u00eb shek. XV n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie me turqit, njoh\u00ebs i mir\u00eb i legjislacioneve e i gjuh\u00ebve orientale etj.<\/p>\n

Diplomati Postel pati m\u00eb se nj\u00eb her\u00eb t\u00eb hyra e t\u00eb dala n\u00eb oborrin e Sulejmanit II, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebshtu nj\u00eb d\u00ebshmitar sypam\u00ebs. N\u00eb krye t\u00eb nj\u00eb ekspedite nd\u00ebshkimore kund\u00ebr arb\u00ebrve, n\u00eb vitin e Hegjires 943 (1537 me kalendarin ton\u00eb) Sulejmani II erdhi vet\u00eb n\u00eb Arb\u00ebri. Ka historian\u00eb per\u00ebndimor\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebr objektiv par\u00ebsor t\u00eb ekspedit\u00ebs s\u00eb atij viti din\u00eb thjesht \u201cpushtimin e Italis\u00eb\u201d, pra nj\u00ebfar\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritjeje t\u00eb ekspedit\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 1480-1481, q\u00eb nuk e pati \u00e7uar dot deri n\u00eb fund i gjyshi, Bajaziti II i pall\u00ebs s\u00eb Muzeut ton\u00eb. Kronikat anonime osmane e d\u00ebftojn\u00eb ndryshe objektivin e k\u00ebsaj ekspedite: \u201cSulltan Sulejmani doli nga Stambolli n\u00eb dit\u00ebn e shtat\u00eb t\u00eb muajit Zilhixhe t\u00eb vitit t\u00eb sip\u00ebrp\u00ebrmendur [943] dhe, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb kryente nj\u00eb fushat\u00eb kund\u00ebr vendit t\u00eb arb\u00ebrve [\u201cArnavud-ili\u201d], mb\u00ebrriti n\u00eb Vlor\u00eb. K\u00ebtu mb\u00ebrrit\u00ebn me anijet Hajredin pasha dhe Lutfi pasha dhe aty ata u takuan<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ky Hajredin \u00ebsht\u00eb i famshmi Barbarossa, i em\u00ebruar nga Sulejmani II \u201ckapudan i detrave\u201d. Me gjas\u00eb qe arb\u00ebr, \u2013 \u201cde Natione Albanese\u201d e ka sakt\u00ebsuar Benedetto Ramberti n\u00eb Libri Tre delle Cose de\u2019 Turchi (bot. 1543), \u2013 por i b\u00ebr\u00eb \u201cosman\u201d. Nj\u00eb arb\u00ebr i b\u00ebr\u00eb \u201cosman\u201d ishte edhe veziri Lutfi pasha, i em\u00ebruar p\u00ebr at\u00eb ekspedit\u00eb si komandant i flot\u00ebs. B\u00ebnte pjes\u00eb n\u00eb strategjin\u00eb luftarake t\u00eb sulltan\u00ebve q\u00eb n\u00eb ekspeditat nd\u00ebshkimore kund\u00ebr arb\u00ebrve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdornin kardashllar\u00ebt e tyre ish-arb\u00ebr.
\n(\u201cKardashllar\u00eb\u201d b\u00ebn nga turqishtja shum\u00ebsi i fjal\u00ebs \u201ckardash\u201d: v\u00eblla, e cila n\u00eb shqipen e hershme nuk ka hyr\u00eb me kuptimin konkret, por \u201csi ledhatim\u201d p\u00ebr shokun, mikun, dashamirin, si\u00e7 e ka sakt\u00ebsuar Dizdari te Fjalor i orientalizmave n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe.)<\/p>\n

K\u00ebta ish-arb\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoreshin r\u00ebndom n\u00eb ushtrit\u00eb e sulltan\u00ebve si fanatik\u00eb t\u00eb eg\u00ebr kund\u00ebr ish-v\u00ebllez\u00ebrve t\u00eb tyre, madje edhe kund\u00ebr ish-prind\u00ebrve t\u00eb mbetur \u201ckaur\u00eb\u201d. Ish-arb\u00ebr i b\u00ebr\u00eb \u201cosman\u201d ishte edhe veziri i madh Ajaz pasha, i cili gjithashtu e shoq\u00ebronte Sulejmanin II n\u00eb Arb\u00ebri gjat\u00eb asaj ekspedite nd\u00ebshkimore, si\u00e7 e ka p\u00ebrshkruar historiani osman i gjysm\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb shek. XVII Sollakzade<\/strong>: \u201cN\u00eb fund t\u00eb muajit Muharrem t\u00eb vitit 944 [9 korrik 1537] Sulltani mb\u00ebrriti n\u00eb Elbasan. Mbas k\u00ebsaj zbriti n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e Vlor\u00ebs, vilajeti i s\u00eb cil\u00ebs u pushtua krejt\u00ebsisht dhe iu shtua vendeve t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb islame fal\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjeve, k\u00ebmb\u00ebnguljes dhe vullnetit t\u00eb vezirit t\u00eb madh Ajaz pasha, i cili ishte nj\u00eb arb\u00ebr i rritur n\u00eb tok\u00ebn e Vlor\u00ebs<\/em>\u201d. <\/p>\n

Po ajo Kronik\u00eb tregon edhe sesi flota osmane pla\u00e7kiti, dogji dhe rr\u00ebnoi edhe Korfuzin dhe \u201cdisa ishuj t\u00eb tjer\u00eb\u201d p\u00ebrkundrejt bregut arb\u00ebr, sado q\u00eb banor\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb dyja brigjeve, korfjot\u00eb dhe himarjot\u00eb, q\u00ebndruan dhe luftuan. Dhe nuk mund t\u00eb ishte ndryshe. N\u00eb ikje osman\u00ebt i mbush\u00ebn anijet e veta me rob\u00ebr, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i \u00e7uan n\u00eb Stamboll, ku l\u00ebshuan thirrjen p\u00ebr shitjen e tyre \u201cp\u00ebr tre florinj, p\u00ebr dy dhe p\u00ebr nj\u00eb\u201d, si\u00e7 i ka sakt\u00ebsuar deri edhe \u00e7mimet Kronika. <\/p>\n

\u201cDo t\u00eb t\u00eb vras, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb mir\u00ebn t\u00ebnde\u201d, i thoshte Don Karlosit xhelati i tragjedis\u00eb s\u00eb Schiller-it. Nuk dihet n\u00ebse, n\u00eb at\u00eb rast, turqit e Sulejmanit II u kan\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb viktimave n\u00eb fjal\u00eb: \u201cPo ju shesim si skllev\u00ebr, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb mir\u00ebn tuaj\u201d. Te kronikani Ramazan-zade Mehmet \u00c7elebi, i njohur si Nishanxhi, lexohet edhe \u201cnd\u00ebshkimi\u201d i arb\u00ebrve t\u00eb \u201cvilajetit t\u00eb Vlor\u00ebs\u201d: \u201cMeqen\u00ebse malet e Vlor\u00ebs ishin gjithmon\u00eb kurthe dhe vende strehimi t\u00eb kryengrit\u00ebsve dhe meqen\u00ebse k\u00ebta arb\u00ebr kok\u00ebfort\u00eb b\u00ebnin zullume [\u2026] u d\u00ebrgua kund\u00ebr tyre ushtria, e cila i nd\u00ebshkoi ata<\/em>\u201d. <\/p>\n

D\u00ebftime p\u00ebr pla\u00e7kitjet, rr\u00ebnimet, masakrat etj. t\u00eb ekspedit\u00ebs nd\u00ebshkimore t\u00eb Sulejmanit II n\u00eb Arb\u00ebri gjenden t\u00eb regjistruara sidomos n\u00eb nj\u00eb varg historian\u00ebsh per\u00ebndimor\u00eb edhe t\u00eb koh\u00ebs, edhe t\u00eb shek. XVII. Historiografi i Franc\u00ebs Gilbert Saulnier du Verdier, p\u00ebr shembull, e ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb sak n\u00eb Shkurtoren e historis\u00eb s\u00eb tij objektivin e par\u00eb t\u00eb ekspedit\u00ebs nd\u00ebshkimore t\u00eb vitit 1537: \u201cAi [Sulejmani II] nxori 200.000 luft\u00ebtar\u00eb n\u00eb fushat\u00eb dhe sulmoi kryesisht t\u00eb gjitha ato vende q\u00eb ende zot\u00ebronte n\u00eb Arb\u00ebri<\/em>\u201d. <\/p>\n

Edhe n\u00eb Shtojc\u00ebn nga Thomas Artus Sieur D\u2019Embry p\u00ebr Historin\u00eb e turqve t\u00eb Halkokondilit (1612) \u00ebsht\u00eb pohuar objektivi i ekspedit\u00ebs nd\u00ebshkimore t\u00eb 1537-s pothuajse si te Kronikat anonime osmane: \u201cAi [Sulejmani II] erdhi n\u00eb krahin\u00ebn e himarjot\u00ebve ose arb\u00ebrve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebve donte t\u2019u b\u00ebnte luft\u00eb dhe t\u00eb pushtonte at\u00eb pjes\u00eb q\u00eb mbetej nga ajo krahin\u00eb<\/em>\u201d. N\u00eb Memoriet historike t\u00eb kalor\u00ebsit Giovanni Sagredo (1672) gjendet p\u00ebrshkrimi se si, gjat\u00eb ekspedit\u00ebs nd\u00ebshkimore t\u00eb Sulejmanit II, turqit e pla\u00e7kit\u00ebn territorin dhe e dogj\u00ebn duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb hi: \u201cdepredarono et incenerirono il territorio\u2026<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Edhe Paolo Giovio e ka regjistruar ekspedit\u00ebn nd\u00ebshkimore t\u00eb Sulejmanit II n\u00eb Arb\u00ebri n\u00eb Historin\u00eb e tij (1555), ku ka sh\u00ebnuar edhe se si, mbas rr\u00ebnimit dhe masakr\u00ebs s\u00eb Korfuzit, turqit e Sulejmanit II iu kthyen Butrintit. Aty, si b\u00ebn\u00eb rob\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb banor\u00ebt, e pla\u00e7kit\u00ebn qytetin dhe e rr\u00ebnuan n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb mizore: \u201cla terra fu crudelmente saccheggiata e disfatta<\/em>\u2026\u201d. Njoftime m\u00eb t\u00eb holl\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr ekspedit\u00ebn e Sulejmanit II n\u00eb Arb\u00ebri ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb Andrea Marmora, kronikan dhe historian korfjot, n\u00eb Historin\u00eb e tij t\u00eb vitit 1672. Korfjoti jo vet\u00ebm i ka njohur mir\u00eb vendet e ngjarjeve, por duket t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasur p\u00ebr duarsh edhe burime m\u00eb t\u00eb bollshme lidhur me to. <\/p>\n

Andrea Marmora<\/strong>: \u201cSulejmani q\u00ebndroi n\u00eb krahin\u00ebn e himarjot\u00ebve disa dit\u00eb, me d\u00ebshir\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019i shkat\u00ebrronte ata popuj, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt u sillnin d\u00ebme t\u00eb vazhdueshme vasal\u00ebve t\u00eb tij aty p\u00ebrreth [\u2026]. Sulejmani dha urdh\u00ebr q\u00eb Ajaz pasha me komandantin e jeni\u00e7er\u00ebve t\u00eb venin p\u00ebr t\u2019i nxjerr\u00eb nga folet\u00eb e shpellave t\u00eb tyre ato bisha, si\u00e7 i quante ai, dhe t\u00eb b\u00ebnin mbi ta nj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb k\u00ebrdi aq sa t\u00eb mos mbetej tjet\u00ebr nga ajo far\u00eb njer\u00ebzish ve\u00e7 kujtimit q\u00eb qen\u00eb shkat\u00ebrruar<\/em>\u201d. <\/p>\n

Te k\u00ebta autor\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruhet dhe nj\u00eb situat\u00eb q\u00eb kronikan\u00ebt ose historian\u00ebt osman\u00eb n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb sulltan\u00ebve \u2013 ata e kishin p\u00ebr detyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngrinin n\u00eb qiell \u00e7do \u201cpadishah\u201d t\u00eb radh\u00ebs \u2013 e kan\u00eb mbuluar me heshtje. \u00cbsht\u00eb fjala p\u00ebr q\u00ebndres\u00ebn dhe luft\u00ebn e himarjot\u00ebve dhe arb\u00ebrve n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, atyre q\u00eb Sulejmani i Pllak\u00ebs i quante \u201cbisha\u201d, p\u00ebr t\u2019u b\u00ebr\u00eb ball\u00eb ushtrive turke n\u00eb at\u00eb ekspedit\u00eb. Sagredo ka treguar se si himarjot\u00eb dhe korfjot\u00eb q\u00ebndruan dhe luftuan duke b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebrdi t\u00eb madhe mbi armiqt\u00eb: \u201ccon non piccola strage degl\u2019 inimici<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Cesare Campana n\u00eb Shkurtoren historike t\u00eb tij (1597) ka sh\u00ebnuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb edhe m\u00eb sintetike q\u00eb Sulejmani II n\u00eb Arb\u00ebri p\u00ebsoi shum\u00eb d\u00ebme prej himarjot\u00ebve: \u201c\u2026in Albania, dove da Cimeriotti ricev\u00e8 molti danni<\/em>\u201d. Deri edhe nj\u00eb funksionar t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb kampit t\u00eb Sulltanit, nj\u00eb terxhuman ose p\u00ebrkthyes zyrtar t\u00eb tij t\u00eb quajtur Jonuz bej, himarjot\u00ebt e zun\u00eb rob, kurse turqit e shpur\u00ebs s\u00eb tij \u201ci shkuan n\u00eb teh t\u00eb shpat\u00ebs<\/em>\u201d. Pa dyshim q\u00eb Andrea Marmora \u00ebsht\u00eb historiani i cili, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, e ka p\u00ebrshkruar q\u00ebndres\u00ebn dhe luft\u00ebn e arb\u00ebrve t\u00eb Himar\u00ebs gjat\u00eb ekspedit\u00ebs nd\u00ebshkimore t\u00eb Sulejmanit II: \u201cPor ndodhi e kund\u00ebrta e asaj q\u00eb ai [Sulejmani II] \u00ebnd\u00ebrronte, sepse ata njer\u00ebz fort t\u00eb shkath\u00ebt, duke i sulmuar armiqt\u00eb her\u00eb brinjazi, her\u00eb p\u00ebrball\u00eb, her\u00eb n\u00eb bisht, her\u00eb duke u t\u00ebrhequr, her\u00eb duke u r\u00ebn\u00eb ndesh skuadrave t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb kalor\u00ebsis\u00eb [turke], pa p\u00ebsuar shum\u00eb humbje n\u00eb radh\u00ebt e veta, vran\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb mjerueshme m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 8.000 syresh dhe i detyruan t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqeshin me t\u00eb katra, t\u00eb tmerruar p\u00ebr fatin e zi t\u00eb shok\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre<\/em>\u201d. <\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkaq te ky historian gjenden edhe njoftimet p\u00ebr nj\u00eb akt q\u00eb fshik kufijt\u00eb e heroizmit t\u00eb himarjot\u00ebve dhe q\u00eb ishte plani p\u00ebr ta goditur ushtrin\u00eb turke n\u00eb zemr\u00ebn e saj: \u201ct\u00eb vrisnin vet\u00eb Sulejmanin brenda shatorres dhe n\u00eb mesin e rojave t\u00eb veta<\/em>\u201d. Detyr\u00ebn e mori p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr Damjani, \u201cnj\u00eb nga kapedan\u00ebt e zot\u00ebrimit himarjot<\/em>\u201d, me sa kuptohet nj\u00eb nga ata trima sykok\u00ebrr tipik\u00eb t\u00eb atyre an\u00ebve. Nat\u00ebn e Sh\u00ebn Jakut, q\u00eb i bie m\u00eb 25 korrik 1537, himarjot\u00ebt e vun\u00eb planin n\u00eb veprim. Por, me gjith\u00eb organizimin \u201cjasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb men\u00e7ur\u201d t\u00eb planit, kapedan Damjani i afruar fushimit t\u00eb Sulltanit ngjalli dyshime tek Ajaz pasha. Isharb\u00ebri i b\u00ebr\u00eb \u201cosman\u201d e ndaloi dhe ia doli t\u00eb zbulonte planin e himarjot\u00ebve. Kapedan Damjani u d\u00ebnua \u201cme nj\u00eb vdekje shum\u00eb mizore<\/em>\u201d, ka sh\u00ebnuar Marmora. Ngjarja e kapedan Damjanit \u00ebsht\u00eb treguar, n\u00eb variante me holl\u00ebsi t\u00eb ndryshme, edhe nga autor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, si i p\u00ebrmenduri Thomas Artus n\u00eb Shtojc\u00ebn p\u00ebr Historin\u00eb e Halkokondilit (1612). <\/p>\n

Simbas letrave t\u00eb nj\u00eb Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, ambasador i perandorit Karl V n\u00eb oborrin e Sulejmanit mes viteve 1555-1562, kapedan Damjani u pat sht\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dh\u00e9 p\u00ebr s\u00eb gjalli. P\u00ebrfundimin e vet p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ngjarje pak t\u00eb njohur n\u00eb historin\u00eb e Arb\u00ebris\u00eb historiani korfjot e ka p\u00ebrmbledhur si vijon: \u201cK\u00ebshtu u shua ajo jet\u00eb q\u00eb meritonte nj\u00eb p\u00ebrjet\u00ebsi dhe, n\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7ast t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, u shkat\u00ebrrua ai mekaniz\u00ebm q\u00eb do t\u00eb mund ta b\u00ebnte t\u00eb pavdeksh\u00ebm emrin e himarjot\u00ebve n\u00eb shekujt e ardhsh\u00ebm<\/em>\u201d. <\/p>\n

Themeluesi n\u00eb historiografin\u00eb shqiptare i diplomatik\u00ebs \u2013 disiplin\u00ebs s\u00eb studimit t\u00eb dokumentit \u2013 Injac Zamputi, q\u00eb u p\u00ebrkujdes t\u00eb p\u00ebrmblidhte e t\u00eb botonte burimet edhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebto ngjarje, nuk ka qen\u00eb pajtuar me p\u00ebrfundimin e historianit korfjot. P\u00ebrfundimi i Andrea Marmora-s af\u00ebrmendsh q\u00eb mban vul\u00ebn e koh\u00ebs, t\u00eb shekullit XVII, duke e lidhur suksesin e luft\u00ebs kund\u00ebr pushtimit turk me vrasjen e nj\u00eb sulltani, vinte re Zamputi n\u00eb nj\u00eb sh\u00ebnim t\u00eb vetin, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar: \u201cHistoria i b\u00ebri t\u00eb pavdeksh\u00ebm himarjot\u00ebt dhe emrin e tyre edhe pse nuk qe vrar\u00eb me k\u00ebt\u00eb rast sulltani<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ndodhit\u00eb me himarjot\u00eb e me heronj si Damjani mundet t\u00eb z\u00ebn\u00eb fort pak vend n\u00eb historin\u00eb e Perandoris\u00eb osmane. Mundet edhe t\u00eb mos z\u00ebn\u00eb fare vend. Por ne t\u00eb sotmit nuk mund t\u00eb shtiremi si marsian\u00eb, kinse nuk jemi qenie politike, por thjesht ashik\u00eb antikuariati. N\u00eb ballafaqime t\u00eb k\u00ebtilla nuk ka se si t\u00eb mos lexohet edhe nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr an\u00eb e faqeve t\u00eb historis\u00eb: ajo q\u00eb ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me q\u00ebndrimin e sot\u00ebm ndaj dukuris\u00eb, sa historike aq edhe politike t\u00eb ndeshjes s\u00eb njeriut t\u00eb lir\u00eb me tiranin\u00eb. <\/p>\n

Termi i mo\u00e7\u00ebm tirani u rishfaq gjat\u00eb Rilindjes evropiane posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht n\u00ebp\u00ebr relacionet e ambasador\u00ebve venedikas n\u00eb oborrin e sulltan\u00ebve n\u00eb orvatje e sip\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar \u201cregjimin sulltanor\u201d. I pari regjistrim i termit haset n\u00eb relacionin e ambasadorit Bernardo Navagero t\u00eb vitit 1553, pra n\u00eb vitet kur sundonte pik\u00ebrisht Sulejmani II. Navagero dhe mbas tij t\u00eb tjer\u00eb diplomat\u00eb synonin ta p\u00ebrkufizonin pushtetin nj\u00ebpersonal, t\u00eb konceptuar prej tyre si \u201cfodull\u00ebk madh\u00ebshtor i t\u00eb Parit<\/em>\u201d. <\/p>\n

Vinin nga nj\u00eb Republik\u00eb aristokratike dhe, p\u00ebr k\u00ebndin e tyre t\u00eb v\u00ebshtrimit, n\u00eb vendet e pushtuara nga sulltan\u00ebt qe \u00e7rr\u00ebnjosur aristokracia tradicionale, nd\u00ebrsa ngrihej artificialisht n\u00eb vend t\u00eb saj fund\u00ebrria e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb duke e reduktuar dal\u00ebngadal\u00eb vet\u00eb shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm rob\u00ebrie. \u201cRepublik\u00eb skllev\u00ebrish<\/em>\u201d, e p\u00ebrcaktonte m\u00eb 1585 ambasadori Morosini duke mos gjetur term me t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm. Funksionar\u00ebt, t\u00eb lart\u00eb a t\u00eb ul\u00ebt, ngriheshin n\u00eb detyra prej vet\u00eb t\u00eb Parit dhe, edhe kur mund t\u00eb mb\u00ebrrinin maj\u00ebn e veziratit, mund t\u00eb rr\u00ebzoheshin posht\u00eb p\u00ebrdhunsh\u00ebm po prej vet\u00eb t\u00eb Parit.<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u201cGjendja e tyre e mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb tirania, dhuna edhe uzurpimi<\/em><\/strong>\u201d, e p\u00ebrshkruante situat\u00ebn e regjimit sulltanor ambasadori Lorenzo Bernardo m\u00eb 1592, n\u00eb kuptimin e nj\u00eb pushteti t\u00eb marr\u00eb vet\u00ebm fal\u00eb forc\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb mbajtur po vet\u00ebm fal\u00eb forc\u00ebs. Arbitrariteti n\u00eb vjeljen e taksave dhe v\u00ebnia e gjobave pa logjik\u00eb e pa arsye e b\u00ebnte diplomatin Don\u00e0 ta cil\u00ebsonte regjimin sulltanor si \u201cguvern\u00eb e mosarsyeshme<\/strong>\u201d: \u201cirragionevole governo<\/em>\u201d. N\u00eb nj\u00eb regjim t\u00eb till\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb, p\u00ebrfshi edhe familjen e t\u00eb Parit, jetonin si n\u00eb nj\u00eb \u201cmbret\u00ebri t\u00eb frik\u00ebs<\/em>\u201d, ngase sulltani ishte zot sa i pasurive t\u00eb tyre, aq edhe i jet\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre. Jan\u00eb t\u00eb shumt\u00eb shembujt nga sundimi i Sulejmanit II q\u00eb p\u00ebrmenden n\u00eb relacionet e diplomat\u00ebve venedikas. <\/p>\n

Fal\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb tij ata kan\u00eb analizuar deri edhe ushtrimin e tiranis\u00eb, p\u00ebr hir t\u00eb pushtetit, brenda familjes. Nj\u00ebri nga bijt\u00eb e Sulejmanit II, Mustafa, si pati mundur pers\u00ebt, kthente fitimtar n\u00eb kryeqytet ku p\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetej nga ushtria me brohoritje t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme. \u201cT\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme<\/em>\u201d, sepse Sulejmani II gjykoi se me t\u00eb tilla brohoritje nuk qe p\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetur as ai vet\u00eb. Duke mos e duruar k\u00ebt\u00eb lavdi t\u00eb t\u00eb birit, dha urdhrin q\u00eb princi t\u00eb mbytej, kurse kufoma e tij t\u00eb ekspozohej para asaj ushtrie, q\u00eb sapo e kishte brohoritur. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb kasneci th\u00ebrriste: \u201cNuk duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb ve\u00e7se nj\u00eb Zot n\u00eb qiell dhe nj\u00eb sulltan n\u00eb tok\u00eb, Sulejmani!<\/em><\/strong>\u201d <\/p>\n

Dy dit\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb Sulejmani II helmonte edhe t\u00eb birin tjet\u00ebr. P\u00ebrse? Sepse e kishte par\u00eb t\u00eb lotonte p\u00ebr vdekjen e t\u00eb v\u00ebllait. T\u00eb tretin, q\u00eb ua mbathi k\u00ebmb\u00ebve dhe u strehua te pers\u00ebt, ia doli ta fuste n\u00eb dor\u00eb dhe atij ia hoqi kok\u00ebn. Kurseu vet\u00ebm Selimin, ngaq\u00eb p\u00ebrndryshe nuk do t\u00eb kishte se kujt t\u2019ia linte trash\u00ebgim pushtetin. Po k\u00ebta diplomat\u00ebt venedikas a mos qen\u00eb burra m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb, do t\u00eb pyes\u00eb ndonj\u00eb lexues nga ata q\u00eb mendojn\u00eb se nat\u00ebn t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ma\u00e7ok\u00ebt jan\u00eb t\u00eb murrm\u00eb. <\/p>\n

Republika e Venedikut mund t\u00eb ishte shtet \u201ckapitalist\u201d, n\u00eb kuptimin e sot\u00ebm t\u00eb termit, por nuk ishte fuqi \u201cimperialiste\u201d, p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb ia din\u00eb kuptimin konceptit imperium. Dhe sidomos nuk ishte nj\u00eb tirani. Kreu i saj jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb zgjidhej n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet procedurash tejmase t\u00eb koklavitura, por kishte imunitet po aq sa qytetar\u00ebt e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb Republik\u00ebs. Dogj\u00ebn Marin Faliero, t\u00eb dyshuar p\u00ebr tradhti t\u00eb interesave t\u00eb Republik\u00ebs, K\u00ebshilli i t\u00eb Dhjet\u00ebve e mori p\u00ebrnj\u00ebher\u00ebsh n\u00eb hetim, e gjykoi dhe e d\u00ebnoi me vdekje. Ekzekutimi i tij n\u00eb shkall\u00ebt e Pallatit Dukal, n\u00eb pranin\u00eb e qytetar\u00ebve t\u00eb mbledhur n\u00eb sheshin e Sh\u00ebn Markut, shijohet sot n\u00eb nj\u00eb tablo madh\u00ebshtore t\u00eb Delacroix-s\u00eb (1827). <\/p>\n

Dhe, sado q\u00eb dogja plak iu dh\u00ebmbys zotit Lord Byron n\u00eb tragjedi ose zotit Donizzetti n\u00eb opera, te salla e portreteve t\u00eb dogj\u00ebve n\u00eb Pallatin Dukal ai edhe sot ekspozohet si\u00e7 e i ka takuar nga historia: aty ku vjen radha kronologjike e portretit t\u00eb tij \u00ebsht\u00eb varur nj\u00eb pece e zez\u00eb me mbishkrimin \u201cK\u00ebtu dukej t\u00eb ishte vendi i Marin Falieros kok\u00ebprer\u00eb p\u00ebr krimin e tradhtis\u00eb<\/em>\u201d. <\/p>\n

T\u00eb lexosh k\u00ebto dhe plot tjera \u2013 nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb p\u00ebr himarjot\u00ebt luft\u00ebtar\u00eb me kapedan Damjanin e tyre q\u00eb ende s\u2019ka vdekur i t\u00ebri, nga nj\u00eb an\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr Sulejmanin e Pllak\u00ebs me kardashllar\u00ebt e tij \u2013 nuk ka se si t\u00eb mos pranosh q\u00eb leximi i historis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i mrekulluesh\u00ebm jo ngaq\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebn t\u00eb paansh\u00ebm. P\u00ebrkundrazi. As ngaq\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebn indiferent ndaj personazheve t\u00eb saj t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm. P\u00ebrkundrazi. Leximi i historis\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebn q\u00eb disa personazhe t\u2019i dashurosh, nd\u00ebrsa disa t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u2019i neverit\u00ebsh.<\/p>\n

(Gazeta Panorma<\/em>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Shkruan: Prof. dr. Aurel Plasari, 04.10.2015 Sulltan Sulejmani II (1502- 1566), t\u00eb cilin po orvaten n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb trashamane t\u2019ua paraqesin shqiptar\u00ebve si \u201crind\u00ebrtues\u201d monumentesh kulture \u2013 n\u00eb kuptimin e riv\u00ebnies n\u00eb vend t\u00eb gur\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebshtjell\u00eb fort m\u00eb t\u00eb mo\u00e7me t\u00eb rr\u00ebnuar prej tij ose prej paraardh\u00ebsve t\u00eb tij n\u00eb fushatat p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtypur […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-14315","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-artikuj"},"yoast_head":"\nDamjan\u00eb dhe sulltan\u00eb - FjALA e LIR\u00cb - Arkivi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fjala.info\/2009-2015\/damjane-dhe-sulltane\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Damjan\u00eb dhe sulltan\u00eb - FjALA e LIR\u00cb - Arkivi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Shkruan: Prof. dr. Aurel Plasari, 04.10.2015 Sulltan Sulejmani II (1502- 1566), t\u00eb cilin po orvaten n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb trashamane t\u2019ua paraqesin shqiptar\u00ebve si \u201crind\u00ebrtues\u201d monumentesh kulture \u2013 n\u00eb kuptimin e riv\u00ebnies n\u00eb vend t\u00eb gur\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebshtjell\u00eb fort m\u00eb t\u00eb mo\u00e7me t\u00eb rr\u00ebnuar prej tij ose prej paraardh\u00ebsve t\u00eb tij n\u00eb fushatat p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtypur […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fjala.info\/2009-2015\/damjane-dhe-sulltane\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"FjALA e LIR\u00cb - Arkivi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-10-05T22:27:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/www.fjala.info\/2015\/aurel_plasari.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"17 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fjala.info\\\/2009-2015\\\/damjane-dhe-sulltane\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fjala.info\\\/2009-2015\\\/damjane-dhe-sulltane\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fjala.info\\\/2009-2015\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3aa1163ef05469c496fc94e77611ada2\"},\"headline\":\"Damjan\u00eb dhe sulltan\u00eb\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-10-05T22:27:09+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fjala.info\\\/2009-2015\\\/damjane-dhe-sulltane\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3457,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fjala.info\\\/2009-2015\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fjala.info\\\/2009-2015\\\/damjane-dhe-sulltane\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.fjala.info\\\/2015\\\/aurel_plasari.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Artikuj\"],\"inLanguage\":\"sq-AL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/fjala.info\\\/2009-2015\\\/damjane-dhe-sulltane\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fjala.info\\\/2009-2015\\\/damjane-dhe-sulltane\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fjala.info\\\/2009-2015\\\/damjane-dhe-sulltane\\\/\",\"name\":\"Damjan\u00eb dhe sulltan\u00eb - 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