{"id":13046,"date":"2013-08-06T05:38:37","date_gmt":"2013-08-06T04:38:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fjala.info\/?p=4232"},"modified":"2013-08-06T05:38:37","modified_gmt":"2013-08-06T04:38:37","slug":"prof-nelson-cabej-shqiptaro-amerikani-qe-ka-tronditur-opinionin-shkencor-me-teorine-e-tij-te-evolucionit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/2009-2015\/prof-nelson-cabej-shqiptaro-amerikani-qe-ka-tronditur-opinionin-shkencor-me-teorine-e-tij-te-evolucionit\/","title":{"rendered":"Prof. Nelson \u00c7abej, shqiptaro-amerikani q\u00eb ka tronditur opinionin shkencor me teorin\u00eb e tij t\u00eb evolucionit"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\" P\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb gjente teoria Darviniane e evolucionit gradual t\u00eb llojeve i ka ndjer\u00eb edhe Profesor Nelson \u00c7abej dhe, duke u marr\u00eb me to, ka zhvilluar teorin\u00eb e vet t\u00eb evolucionit. Ai arriti n\u00eb iden\u00eb themelore mbi rolin qendror t\u00eb informacionit epigjenetik\u00eb n\u00eb zhvillimin dhe evolucionin e bot\u00ebs s\u00eb gjall\u00eb rreth 12 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb. Tashm\u00eb ka nj\u00eb teori, q\u00eb mban emrin e tij.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Nga Dalip Greca<\/strong><\/p>\n

Profesor Nelson R \u00c7abej, q\u00eb jeton n\u00eb New Jersey, ka nj\u00eb jet\u00eb q\u00eb merret me shkenc\u00eb, por, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 revistave t\u00eb huaja, media shqiptare nuk ka pas\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb merret me t\u00eb. Ndoshta nga q\u00eb ai \u00ebsht\u00eb tep\u00ebr modest dhe nuk mund t\u00eb dal\u00eb para gazetar\u00ebve dhe t\u00eb rrah\u00eb gjoksin \u201cEj , un\u00eb jam ai q\u00eb kam tronditur bot\u00ebn akademike me teorin\u00eb time, q\u00eb i kund\u00ebrvihet evolucionit gradual t\u00eb Darvinit\u201d. Ai ka tashm\u00eb \u201cpatent\u00ebn\u201d e teoris\u00eb s\u00eb vet, por nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb kujtuar askush q\u00eb t\u2019i akordoj\u00eb atij qoft\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb titull t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb merite, megjith\u00ebse kemi krijuar nj\u00eb ushtri me \u201cMjesht\u00ebr t\u00eb M\u00ebdhenj\u201d e me \u201cNder i Kombit\u201d, edhe pse profesori \u00ebsht\u00eb aq i njohur n\u00eb rrethet shkencore, jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb edhe p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsia e ne, gazetar\u00ebve, q\u00eb n\u00eb median shqiptaro-amerikane, p\u00ebrcjellim si sensacione ndodhi t\u00eb r\u00ebndomta, shpesh folklorike, apo tjerrim lajme se aksh president amerikan, apo zv\/president, p\u00ebr senator\u00eb apo kongresist\u00eb, q\u00eb drekojn\u00eb apo darkojn\u00eb n\u00eb picerit\u00eb a restorantet e shqiptar\u00ebve, por nuk shkruajm\u00eb dy radh\u00eb p\u00ebr profesorin, librat e t\u00eb cilit kan\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb rreth nj\u00eb mij\u00eb biblioteka universitare amerikane, dhe ka arritur q\u00eb t\u00eb renditet n\u00eb top-list\u00ebn e librave shkencor\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lexuar. Nuk e di n\u00ebse profesor\u00ebt e fakulteteve t\u00eb Shkencave t\u00eb Natyr\u00ebs, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, Kosov\u00eb, Maqedoni, kur shpjegojn\u00eb teorin\u00eb e Darvinit, a u p\u00ebrcjellin student\u00ebve informacionin se ka nj\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb, teoria e t\u00eb cilit, \u00ebsht\u00eb kund\u00ebrv\u00ebn\u00ebse e asaj t\u00eb Darvinit p\u00ebr evolucionin gradual, q\u00eb tashm\u00eb studiohet n\u00eb universitetet amerikane, kanadeze, izralite etj?! Nj\u00eb teori antirrym\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Nelson R. \u00c7abej \u00ebsht\u00eb autori i shum\u00eb librave n\u00eb fusha t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb biologjis\u00eb (gjenetike, biologjia teorike, filozofia e evolucionit, biologjis\u00eb dhe zhvillimit etj). Ai jeton me gruan, Nikolet\u00ebn dhe djalin, Redonin, n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn veriore t\u00eb New Jersey, USA.<\/p>\n

\"\"Nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebs i takimit tim dhe intervist\u00ebs me Profesor \u00c7abejn, \u00ebsht\u00eb dr. Hasan Ademaj, nga Kosova. Ai e kishte lexuar librin e profesorit dhe kishte ndjekur ecurin\u00eb e tij. M\u00eb kishte folur plot entuziaz\u00ebm p\u00ebr pritjen q\u00eb i kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb studimeve t\u00eb profesorit qarqet shkencore n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb dhe shtete t\u00eb tjera. Rasti \u00ebsht\u00eb mbret, thot\u00eb nj\u00eb shprehje popullore. Gjat\u00eb vizit\u00ebs s\u00eb tij n\u00eb Paris, Prof. \u00c7abej kishte takuar Doktorin e Shkencave Arsim Spahiu, i cili i kishte k\u00ebrkuar q\u00eb pes\u00eb librat e tij t\u2019i sillte n\u00eb bibliotek\u00ebn e Vatr\u00ebs. Korrekt si gjat\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb tij, Profesor \u00c7abej, i k\u00ebrkoi dr. Hasanit q\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsonte p\u00ebr plot\u00ebsimin e k\u00ebsaj porosie. K\u00ebshtu u takuam tek Vatra. M\u00eb pas nj\u00eb kafe dhe intervista.<\/p>\n

Si lindi teoria e evolucionit e profesor \u00c7ABEJT?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Profesor Nelson \u00c7abej mendon se Darwini ka qen\u00eb dhe mbetet nj\u00eb kolos i shkenc\u00ebs bot\u00ebrore, por shkenca nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb dogm\u00eb e pandryshueshme. Teorit\u00eb shkencore krijohen mbi baz\u00ebn e atyre q\u00eb dihen n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e krijimit t\u00eb tyre, por vjen nj\u00eb koh\u00eb q\u00eb \u00e7do teori duhet t\u00eb modifikohet ose dhe t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsohet p\u00ebr t\u00eb shpjeguar dukurit\u00eb e reja q\u00eb zbulohen. N\u00eb nj\u00eb kuptim t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb teoria e seleksionimit natyror \u00ebsht\u00eb po aq e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb sot sa edhe nj\u00eb shekull e gjysm\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb, kur Darvini e parashtroi at\u00eb. Por, nd\u00ebrsa gjeniu me seleksionin natyror shpjegoi se si n\u00eb brezat e nj\u00ebpasnj\u00ebshme mbijetojn\u00eb e l\u00ebn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb pasardh\u00ebs ata individ\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebsojn\u00eb ndryshime t\u00eb vogla t\u00eb favorshme, njohurit\u00eb e kufizuara t\u00eb koh\u00ebs nuk e lejuan at\u00eb t\u00eb kuptonte se si lindin ato ndryshime q\u00eb sjellin evolucionin.<\/p>\n

Me zhvillimin e gjenetik\u00ebs dhe zbulimin e genit, biolog\u00ebt menduan se ndryshimet e vogla Darviniane ishin ndryshimet n\u00eb genet (mutacionet genike) t\u00eb cilat sjellin evolucionin. Por, shum\u00eb fakte t\u00eb zbuluara n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb gjysm\u00eb shekullin e fundit bien n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me k\u00ebt\u00eb shpjegim gjenetik. Mbi t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebta fakte \u00ebsht\u00eb dukuria q\u00eb sot njihet si \u201ceksplozioni Kambrian\u201d, q\u00eb ndodhi rreth 542 milion\u00eb vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, kur dol\u00ebn n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb jo graduale darviniane, por n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb \u201ceksplozive\u201d t\u00eb menj\u00ebhershme, t\u00eb gjitha grupet e m\u00ebdha t\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve q\u00eb ekzistojn\u00eb sot. Jan\u00eb paraqitur nj\u00eb num\u00ebr teorish t\u00eb reja p\u00ebr ta shpjeguar k\u00ebt\u00eb dukuri enigmatike, por asnj\u00ebra prej tyre nuk jep nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm bind\u00ebs t\u00eb eksplozionit Kambrian dhe dukurive t\u00eb tjera. Biolog\u00ebt anemban\u00eb bot\u00ebs sot jan\u00eb n\u00eb \u201cgar\u00eb\u201d p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur shpjegimin e k\u00ebtij fenomeni.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb gjente teoria Darviniane e evolucionit gradual t\u00eb llojeve i ka ndjer\u00eb edhe Profesor \u00c7abej dhe, duke u marr\u00eb me to, ka zhvilluar teorin\u00eb e vet t\u00eb evolucionit. Ai arriti n\u00eb iden\u00eb themelore mbi rolin qendror t\u00eb informacionit epigjenetik n\u00eb zhvillimin dhe evolucionin e bot\u00ebs s\u00eb gjall\u00eb rreth 12 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nTEORIA \u201c\u00c7ABEJ\u201d TREGON SE NGA I MARRIN GENET \u201cINSTRUKSIONET\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cili \u00ebsht\u00eb thelbi i k\u00ebsaj kund\u00ebrv\u00ebnie, q\u00eb p\u00ebrcjell teoria \u201c\u00c7abej\u201d? Sa jan\u00eb p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebsit dhe kund\u00ebrshtar\u00ebt? Me pak fjal\u00eb, ju jeni kund\u00ebr rrym\u00ebs, si do t\u00eb formulohej kjo antirrym\u00eb?<\/em> – kjo ishte nj\u00ebra nga pyetjet q\u00eb i drejtova profesor \u00c7abejt.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigja e tij: Me gjith\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7arat e pariparueshme q\u00eb ka marr\u00eb teoria gjenetike e evolucionit, p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb njohura, shumica e autor\u00ebve akoma mbeten besnik\u00eb t\u00eb saj, edhe p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb inercis\u00eb. Por, numri i atyre q\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dyshim dhe kund\u00ebrshtojn\u00eb shpjegimin gjenetik t\u00eb evolucionit vjen duke u rritur. \u201cRryma e re<\/em>\u201d nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb homogjene dhe brenda ka disa variante t\u00eb ndryshme.<\/p>\n

Profesori m\u00eb shpjegon se Teoria e tij mb\u00ebshtetet n\u00eb mekanizma epigjenetike (pas- ose mbigjenetike), t\u00eb cilat kontrollojn\u00eb dhe rregullojn\u00eb funksionin e geneve. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb teoria pohon se \u00e7do gen \u201cdi\u201d vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb gj\u00eb: t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb nj\u00eb ose disa proteina. Por genet nuk din\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb kritike p\u00ebr funksionin e tyre: kur, ku dhe p\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb duhet t\u00eb prodhojn\u00eb proteinat. Teoria \u201c\u00c7abej\u201d tregon se nga i marrin genet \u201cinstruksionet\u201d p\u00ebr t\u2019u \u201cndezur\u201d ose \u201cshuar\u201d. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, organizmat e gjall\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb \u201cthas\u00eb\u201d proteinash. Ato jan\u00eb struktura marramend\u00ebsisht komplekse ku miliarda\/triliona qeliza t\u00eb qindra llojeve t\u00eb ndryshme vendosen n\u00eb vende t\u00eb caktuara sakt\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb formuar organizmin e kafsh\u00ebs, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe njeriun. Teoria \u201c\u00c7abej\u201d e shpjegon zhvillimin e organizmit nga veza deri n\u00eb pjekuri, jo me informacionin gjenetik n\u00eb ADN, por fillimisht me informacionin epigjenetik q\u00eb prind\u00ebrit vendosin n\u00eb qelizat seksuale (vez\u00eb e qeliz\u00eb spermatike) e, m\u00eb von\u00eb, gjat\u00eb zhvillimit embrional deri n\u00eb pjekuri, \u201cinstruksionet\u201d p\u00ebr zhvillimin e organeve dhe formimin e organizmit vin\u00eb nga sistemi nervor n\u00eb form\u00ebn e sinjaleve kimike.<\/p>\n

10 VJET\u00cb P\u00cbR TA SHKRUAR LIBRIN E \u201cTEORIS\u00cb \u00c7ABEJ\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Teoria \u201c\u00c7abej\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb konkretizuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr voluminoz. Ky lib\u00ebr erdhi si kuror\u00ebzim i nj\u00eb pune 10-vje\u00e7are. Pas provave t\u00eb para q\u00eb b\u00ebri duke hedhur p\u00ebr diskutim p\u00ebr disa vite idet\u00eb e veta me biolog\u00eb nga shum\u00eb vende t\u00eb bot\u00ebs n\u00eb newsgrupe t\u00eb biologjis\u00eb n\u00eb internet, n\u00eb vitin 2001 ai arriti t\u00eb botoi nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr me titull \u201cQuantic Evolution<\/strong>\u201d (Evolucioni Kuantik<\/em>), nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb vitin 2004 – librin Neural Control of Development<\/strong> (Kontrolli Nervor i Zhvillimit Embrional<\/em>) dhe pas tre vjet\u00ebve pune intensive, t\u00eb lodhshme, por pasionante, n\u00eb vitin 2008 arriti q\u00eb t\u00eb botoj\u00eb teorin\u00eb \u201c\u00c7abej\u201d n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb v\u00ebllim prej 900 faqesh, q\u00eb mbante titullin \u201cEpigenetic Principles of Evolution<\/strong>\u201d (Parimet Epigjenetike t\u00eb Evolucionit<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Ai shprehet se \u201ckam arsye t\u00eb them se ky lib\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb vepra e jet\u00ebs sime\u201d. N\u00eb vitin 2012 ky lib\u00ebr u botua me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin titull, por tani jo m\u00eb nga vet\u00eb autori, por nga Sht\u00ebpia Botuese amerikane \u201cElsevier\u201d.<\/p>\n

Vler\u00ebsimi pozitiv i librit t\u00eb tij n\u00eb dy recensione q\u00eb dol\u00ebn n\u00eb dy revista serioze shkencore (Quarterly Review of Biology dhe BioEssays<\/strong>) nga dy specialist\u00eb t\u00eb evolucionit n\u00eb Kanada dhe Izrael ishte nj\u00eb rekomandim i mjaftuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr ta futur n\u00eb planin e botimeve t\u00eb Elsevier-it, Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb botimeve akademike n\u00eb bot\u00eb.<\/p>\n

VLER\u00cbSIMET P\u00cbR TEORIN\u00cb\u201d\u00c7ABEJ\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Libri ka pas\u00eb jehon\u00eb t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb mir\u00ebpritur nga qarqet shkencore, akademike dhe universitare. N\u00eb vitin 2004, gjeneticieni m\u00eb i madh amerikan, Prof. emeritus George Williams i shkruante Profesor \u00c7abejt: \u201cUn\u00eb mendoj se kontributi i juaj mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb ngjarje e madhe n\u00eb historin\u00eb e kuptimit t\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve gen-zhvillim\u201d (I think your contribution could be a major event in the history of the gene-development understanding), kurse an\u00ebtarja e Akademis\u00eb s\u00eb Shkencave t\u00eb SHBA dhe ish-kryetare e Komitetit Amerikan p\u00ebr Evolucionin, Mary Jane West-Eberhard, i shkruante se kjo teori \u201cdo t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb kontribut i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar se sa kritike p\u00ebr zhvillimin jan\u00eb \u201cproceset nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse\u201d si hormonet dhe sistemi nervor qendror \u2013 nj\u00eb fakt q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar sa duhet por un\u00eb mendoj se do t\u00eb gjej\u00eb nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim n\u00eb rritje n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen\u201d (would be an important contribution to the understanding of how crucial \u201cintermediate processes\u201d like hormones and CNS are for development \u2013 an unappreciated fact but one I think will find growing appreciation in the future\u201d<\/em>.)<\/p>\n

N\u00eb revist\u00ebn shkencore Developmental Dynamics, Dr. J. Kiefer (2011) e Universitetit t\u00eb Utah-ut shkruante : N\u00eb qoft\u00eb se kjo ide p\u00ebrputhet me evidenc\u00ebn eksperimentale b\u00ebhuni gati t\u00eb rishkruani tekstet e biologjis\u00eb\u201d (If experimental evidence catches up with the idea, get ready to re-write the textbooks<\/em>.). Prof emerita e antropologjis\u00eb n\u00eb universitetin e Torontos, Kanada (2012) i shkruante: \u201cUn\u00eb u magjepsa dhe sinqerisht u k\u00ebnaqa me librin tuaj Epigjenetik\u2026 Prandaj ju mund ta p\u00ebrfytyroni, se sa k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi m\u00eb dha leximi i analiz\u00ebs suaj racionale dhe t\u00eb holl\u00ebsishme t\u00eb kufizimeve t\u00eb neo-darvinizmit\u201d (I was fascinated and frankly delighted with your book Epigenetics\u2026. You can imagine, therefore, how pleased I was to read your cogent, detailed analysis of the limitations of neo-darwinism<\/em>).<\/p>\n

\"\"Vler\u00ebsimet nuk mbarojn\u00eb k\u00ebtu. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 diskutimeve n\u00eb disa newsgrupe dhe vler\u00ebsimeve t\u00eb m\u00ebsip\u00ebrme, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmenden vler\u00ebsimet q\u00eb i b\u00ebri librit Epigenetic Principles of Evolution<\/strong> nj\u00eb lidere bot\u00ebrore e epigjenetik\u00ebs, Eva Jablonka e Cohn Institute, Tel Aviv: \u201cUn\u00eb besoj se \u00c7abej ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb kur argumenton se evolucioni i sistemit nervor ndryshoi dhe p\u00ebrshpejtoi n\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme evolucionin e metazoave<\/em>\u201d dhe se ky lib\u00ebr \u201cmbulon nj\u00eb fush\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb dhe jep nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh shembujsh t\u00eb dobish\u00ebm duke argumentuar bindsh\u00ebm se sistemi nervor ka nj\u00eb rol qendror n\u00eb evolucionin e kafsh\u00ebve<\/em>\u201d (\u201cI believe that \u00c7abej is right in arguing that the evolution of the nervous system significantly altered and accelerated metazoan evolution.. Epigenetic Principles of Evolution \u2026 covers a very wide area and provides a host of useful examples arguing convincingly that the nervous system has a central role in animal evolution<\/em>.\u201d .<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrsa Dr. L. Gabora e Universitetit t\u00eb Vankuverit, Kanada n\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr recension shkruan: \u201cEpigenetic Principles of Evolution jep nj\u00eb pasqyre bind\u00ebse gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e proceseve epigjenetike n\u00eb evolucionin e metazoave\u201d (Epigenetic Principles of Evolution provides a convincing, comprehensive compilation of evidence for the importance of epigenetic processes in metazoan evolution.)<\/p>\n

Edhe pse Sht\u00ebpia botuese Elsevier nuk i ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb \u00c7abejt informacion t\u00eb plot\u00eb rreth vendeve ku ka shkuar libri, por nga hulumtimet m\u00ebsuam se libri ka shkuar n\u00eb rreth nj\u00ebmij\u00eb biblioteka t\u00eb shum\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb bot\u00ebs n\u00eb t\u00eb pes\u00eb kontinentet, por kjo statistik\u00eb i takon Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb Botuese Eliver, e cila ka botuar dhe tashm\u00eb e ka pron\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebn, duke respektuar t\u00eb drejtat e autorit.<\/p>\n

Me librin e profesor \u00c7abejt jan\u00eb marr\u00eb revista shkencore prestigjioze, si: \u201cQuarterly Review of Biology<\/em>\u201d, nj\u00eb revist\u00eb shkencore e Universitetit t\u00eb \u00c7ikagos dhe \u201cBioEssays<\/em>\u201d n\u00eb Gjermani, q\u00eb kan\u00eb botuar recensione p\u00ebr librin. Po ashtu edhe revista e madhe amerikane \u201cScience<\/em>\u201d ka botuar nj\u00eb njoftim t\u00eb zgjeruar p\u00ebr daljen e librit.<\/p>\n

12 LIBRA T\u00cb BOTUARA NGA PROFESOR \u00c7ABEJ<\/strong><\/p>\n

Edhe pse jeta e Prof. \u00c7abejt n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e diktatur\u00ebs nuk kaloi n\u00eb \u201cvaj\u201d, shkenc\u00ebtari brodhi n\u00ebp\u00ebr kooperativa, nga mal\u00ebsia e Tiran\u00ebs, e Kruj\u00ebs, e deri n\u00eb V\u00ebrzhezh\u00eb t\u00eb Skraparit, ai nuk hoqi dor\u00eb nga pasioni p\u00ebr shkenc\u00ebn dhe shkrimin e librave. Librin e par\u00eb \u201cMbi Natyr\u00ebn e Jet\u00ebs\u201d e shkroi kur ishte n\u00eb kooperativ\u00ebn bujq\u00ebsore t\u00eb Nikl\u00ebs, n\u00eb rrethin e Kruj\u00ebs, n\u00eb vitin 1969, por mundi ta botonte vet\u00ebm pas 15 vjet\u00ebsh, n\u00eb vitin 1984. N\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur ishte n\u00eb kooperativ\u00eb ka botuar edhe dy libra t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl p\u00ebr gjenetik\u00ebn dhe imunologjin\u00eb (1977), si bashkautor me Bajazit Shehun, Librin e par\u00eb t\u00eb Gjenetik\u00ebs (1979), librin \u201cNga Historia e Zhvillimit t\u00eb Shkenc\u00ebs Shqiptare\u201d (1980). Gjat\u00eb koh\u00ebs kur ishte n\u00eb kooperativ\u00eb p\u00ebrktheu edhe \u201cOrigjin\u00ebn e Llojeve<\/em>\u201d, kryevepr\u00ebn e Darvinit.<\/p>\n

D\u00ebshira e tij pasionante ishte q\u00eb t\u00eb punonte n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn e K\u00ebrkimeve Biologjike t\u00eb Akademis\u00eb s\u00eb Shkencave, por p\u00ebr arsye politike, kjo d\u00ebshir\u00eb mbeti e ndrydhur. N\u00eb momentin q\u00eb e m\u00ebsoi refuzimin, u pezmatua. Ai thot\u00eb se \u201cPasi u informova zyrtarisht se d\u00ebshira ime p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn e K\u00ebrkimeve Biologjike t\u00eb Akademis\u00eb s\u00eb Shkencave nuk mund t\u00eb realizohej, \u00ebndrrat e mia p\u00ebr biologjin\u00eb \u201cmor\u00ebn fund\u201d. \u201cE mblodha mendjen\u201d p\u00ebr ta harruar biologjin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1980 filloi pun\u00ebn si redaktor biologjie n\u00eb redaksin\u00eb kulturore-enciklopedike. \u201cKur s\u2019ke pul\u00ebn, ha sorr\u00ebn, thot\u00eb nj\u00eb shprehje e urt\u00eb, por me k\u00ebt\u00eb em\u00ebrim atij iu pre \u00e7do mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u2019u marr\u00eb me biologji eksperimentale dhe teorike, por vendi i pun\u00ebs e lidhi me problemet e historis\u00eb dhe kultur\u00ebs shqiptare. Gjat\u00eb 10 vjet\u00ebve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs aty ka botuar 17 artikuj p\u00ebr probleme t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs, kultur\u00ebs dhe historis\u00eb s\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve. Aty mblodhi, p\u00ebrktheu, pajisi me sh\u00ebnime dhe parath\u00ebnie nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje studimesh prej 12 autor\u00ebsh gjerman\u00eb me titullin \u201cAutoktonia e Shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb Studimet Gjermane\u201d, q\u00eb u ribotua n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb. Edhe aty b\u00ebri sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb \u00e7muara p\u00ebr kultur\u00ebn – p\u00ebrktheu nga gjermanishtja dhe pajisi me parath\u00ebnie punimin e famsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Mendelit \u201cEksperimente me Hibridet e Bim\u00ebve\u201d (Versuche mit Pflanzenhybriden), t\u00eb cilin e botoi pa emrin e autorit dhe me titullin e stisur \u201cZbulimi i Ligjeve t\u00eb Trash\u00ebgimis\u00eb\u201d (sepse Mendeli dhe Gjenetika ende shikoheshin si disiplina shkencore reaksionare). Aty botoi edhe 2 libra p\u00ebr probleme filozofike t\u00eb biologjis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb simpoziumit \u201cIlir\u00ebt dhe Shqiptar\u00ebt\u201d t\u00eb Akademis\u00eb Serbe t\u00eb Shkencave dhe Arteve (1988), n\u00eb vitin 1988, profesor Nelson \u00c7abej shkroi librin \u201cIlir\u00ebt q\u00eb Mbijetuan\u201d, i cili nuk u lejua t\u00eb botohej n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, por ai e botoi k\u00ebtu n\u00eb SHBA n\u00eb vitin 2009 (me rastin e dyvjetorit t\u00eb Pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs) me pseudonimin Nicholas Brent. Pik\u00ebrisht k\u00ebto dit\u00eb ky lib\u00ebr po del nga shtypi n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, esencialisht si\u00e7 u shkrua n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb. K\u00ebsaj periudhe i p\u00ebrket edhe nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr p\u00ebr \u201cPanteonin dhe mitologjin\u00eb e ilir\u00ebve\u201d (1989), q\u00eb gjithashtu shpreson t\u00eb dal\u00eb nga shtypi k\u00ebt\u00eb vit, si dhe nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr i pap\u00ebrfunduar p\u00ebr \u201cHistorin\u00eb e formimit t\u00eb popullit shqiptar\u201d, me t\u00eb cilin do t\u00eb merret vitin e ardhsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

3 muaj m\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb maj t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti, Sht\u00ebpia botuese amerikane \u201cElsevieri\u201d botoi nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr lib\u00ebr t\u00eb Nelson \u00c7abejt, \u201cBuilding the Most Complex Structure on Earth\u201d (Duke Nd\u00ebrtuar Struktur\u00ebn me Komplekse mbi Tok\u00eb) me rreth 300 faqe, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin autori parashtron teorin\u00eb e tij t\u00eb evolucionit n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb kuptueshme nga nj\u00eb mas\u00eb m\u00eb e gjer\u00eb lexuesish me nj\u00eb formim baz\u00eb biologjik (undergraduate). N\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha botimet anglisht profesor Nelson \u00c7abej ka pasur ndihm\u00ebn e kualifikuar redaktoriale t\u00eb djalit tij, Redonit, i cili gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb autor i nj\u00eb libri q\u00eb flet p\u00ebr marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet USA-BE, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb pritur shum\u00eb mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Nelson \u00c7abej ka d\u00ebrguar n\u00eb shtyp dy libra t\u00eb tjer\u00eb (Ilir\u00ebt q\u00eb Mbijetuan<\/em> (160 faqe) dhe \u201cN\u00eb K\u00ebrkim t\u00eb Panteonit the Mitologjis\u00eb Ilire<\/em>\u201d me 300 faqe).<\/p>\n

Problemet e historis\u00eb, gjuh\u00ebs dhe kultur\u00ebs shqiptare e kan\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr t\u00ebr\u00eb jet\u00ebn, por mendon se ato, sot m\u00eb shume se kurr\u00eb, k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb v\u00ebmendje t\u00eb posa\u00e7me, n\u00eb drit\u00ebn e shtremb\u00ebrimeve q\u00eb u b\u00ebhen atyre nga nj\u00eb num\u00ebr autor\u00ebsh t\u00eb huaj. Gjuha shqipe dhe prejardhja e saj ilire jan\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb sh\u00ebnjestr\u00ebn e shum\u00eb shkrimeve, artikujve (mjafton t\u00eb hysh ne forumet e ndryshme ballkanike n\u00eb internet), botimeve popullore dhe \u201cshkencore\u201d. Problemet e historis\u00eb s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs shqipe e madje edhe t\u00eb territoreve shqiptare trajtohen nga t\u00eb huaj, sidomos nga fqinj\u00ebt e jugut e te veriut nga pozita joshkencore ose shkenc\u00ebrisht substandarde, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb dhe opinioni dhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e albanologjis\u00eb i jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb pak t\u00eb njohura publikut t\u00eb huaj. Ai mendon se: E v\u00ebrteta p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn shqipe, prejardhjen dhe historin\u00eb e shqiptar\u00ebve i duhet th\u00ebn\u00eb bot\u00ebs me z\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Ai mendon se nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb puna se mungojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat ose nuk ka argumente t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur pik\u00ebpamjet shkencore shqiptare rreth k\u00ebtyre problemeve, por ka nj\u00eb neglizhenc\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuese, me rrjedhime negative serioze p\u00ebr edukimin patriotik t\u00eb rinis\u00eb shqiptare.<\/p>\n

Kjo situat\u00eb e ka shtyr\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht t\u00eb shk\u00ebputet nga zhvillimi i m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm i teoris\u00eb s\u00eb evolucionit dhe t\u00eb merret me hartimin e nj\u00eb fjalori t\u00eb ilirishtes q\u00eb shpreson ta mbaroj\u00eb nga muaji shtator dhe ta botoj anglisht k\u00ebtu n\u00eb SHBA. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb duke pritur aprovimin e nj\u00eb propozimi q\u00eb i ka b\u00ebr\u00eb Elsevier-it p\u00ebr t\u00eb hartuar nj\u00eb kontrat\u00eb p\u00ebr botimin e nj\u00eb libri me titull t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm \u201cEpigenetic Guide of the Cambrian Explosion\u201d (Drejtimi Epigjenetik i Eksplozionit Kambrian). Vitin e ardhsh\u00ebm synon q\u00eb t\u00eb botoj v\u00ebllimin e par\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb historie t\u00eb formimit t\u00eb popullit shqiptar.<\/p>\n

KRONIK\u00cb JET\u00cbSORE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Profesor Nelson Cabej ishte nd\u00ebr gjimnazist\u00ebt e shk\u00eblqyer n\u00eb Gjirokast\u00ebr, por p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb kuptueshme biografike (babi ishte n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb), n\u00ebna, mezi i gjeti nj\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb studimi p\u00ebr Veterinari. Pas studimeve universitare nisi pun\u00ebn si specialist blegtori n\u00ebp\u00ebr kooperativa. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb studioi me korrespondenc\u00eb p\u00ebr Biologji-Kimi, e p\u00ebr Kimi Industriale. Pasionit p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebt e huaja nuk , nuk iu nda.<\/p>\n

Pas tet\u00eb vjet pune n\u00eb kooperativat e rrethit t\u00eb Kruj\u00ebs, n\u00eb vitin 1970 filloi pun\u00ebn n\u00eb sektorin e prodhimit t\u00eb serumeve antitoksike n\u00eb Institutin e Higjien\u00ebs dhe Epidemiologjis\u00eb, ku kishte kushte t\u00eb mira pune dhe aty nisi pun\u00eb n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e biologjis\u00eb molekulare (n\u00eb vitin 1974 izoluan ADN-n\u00eb), por nuk vazhdoi gjat\u00eb, n\u00eb vitin 1975 e qarkulluan duke e em\u00ebruar n\u00eb V\u00ebrzhezh\u00eb t\u00eb Skraparit dhe n\u00eb kooperativ\u00ebn bujq\u00ebsore t\u00eb Gurr\u00ebs n\u00eb rrethin e Tiran\u00ebs. N\u00eb vitin 1980 filloi pun\u00ebn si redaktor biologjie.<\/p>\n

Pasioni i tij p\u00ebr pun\u00eb shkencore nuk gjeti hap\u00ebsir\u00eb. Asnj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00eb nuk iu dha mund\u00ebsia t\u00eb punonte n\u00eb kushte normale ose si punonj\u00ebs shkencor.<\/p>\n

Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb zot\u00ebrues i shum\u00eb gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb huaja, i ka m\u00ebsuar t\u00eb gjitha gjat\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb studimeve n\u00eb fakultet t\u00eb Veterinaris\u00eb. Profesor Nelson \u00c7abej, n\u00eb vitet \u201880 ka qen\u00eb pedagog p\u00ebr Biologjin\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithshme n\u00eb fakultetin e mjek\u00ebsis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Kronika jet\u00ebsore: Profesor Nelson \u00c7abej ka lindur n\u00eb Gjirokast\u00ebr, aty mbaroi shkoll\u00ebn e mesme. Nga qyteti nuk i doli e drejta p\u00ebr studime t\u00eb larta, por n\u00ebna shkoi n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb dhe mundi t\u2019ia rregullonte nj\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb studimi p\u00ebr n\u00eb Institutin Bujq\u00ebsor t\u00eb Kamz\u00ebs. Aty u diplomua si mjek veteriner. Filloi pun\u00ebn n\u00eb Milot e m\u00eb pas n\u00eb kooperativat bujq\u00ebsore Qerek\u00eb e Nik\u00ebl t\u00eb rrethit t\u00eb Kruj\u00ebs. Megjith\u00ebse d\u00ebshtoi n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t’u regjistruar n\u00eb Fakultetin e Gjuh\u00ebs Shqipe, si autodidakt studioi l\u00ebnd\u00ebt kryesore t\u00eb atij fakulteti. M\u00eb von\u00eb (1968) arriti t\u00eb regjistrohej \u201cilegalisht\u201d (specialist\u00ebt e bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb nuk kishin t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdonin fakultet t\u00eb dyt\u00eb) p\u00ebr t\u00eb vazhduar studimet me korrespondenc\u00eb n\u00eb deg\u00ebn biologji-kimi. Kur filloi pun\u00ebn n\u00eb Institutin e Higjien\u00ebs dhe Epidemiologjis\u00eb iu k\u00ebrkua q\u00eb ta linte deg\u00ebn biologji-kimi dhe t\u00eb vazhdonte nat\u00ebn fakultetin e Kimis\u00eb Industriale me q\u00eb vendi i pun\u00ebs k\u00ebrkonte njohuri m\u00eb t\u00eb thella n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e kimis\u00eb. Kur do t\u00eb mbronte diplom\u00ebn n\u00eb deg\u00ebn e kimis\u00eb, i than\u00eb se duhej t\u00eb shkonte p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb kooperativ\u00eb. Pas 5 vjet\u00ebsh t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb kooperativ\u00eb filloi pun\u00ebn si redaktor biologjie n\u00eb redaksin\u00eb kulturore-enciklopedike n\u00eb Sht\u00ebpin\u00eb Botuese 8 N\u00ebntori. N\u00eb vitin 1986 mbrojti Doktorat\u00ebn n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e biologjis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb vazhduar studimet n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e albanologjis\u00eb, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 1990, me nxitjen dhe mb\u00ebshtetjen e gruas s\u00eb tij, Nikolet\u00ebs, shkoi n\u00eb Austri e prej andej n\u00eb Gjermani, n\u00eb ambasad\u00ebn amerikane atje, i dhan\u00eb edhe shtet\u00ebsin\u00eb amerikane, p\u00ebr shkak se babai kishte qen\u00eb shtetas amerikan. Pas thuajse 2 vjet q\u00ebndrimi n\u00eb Gjermani, familjarisht u shp\u00ebrngul\u00ebn n\u00eb SHBA, ku ka punuar fillimisht; n\u00eb Realestate, data entry dhe m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebnie biologjie n\u00eb kolegj. N\u00eb 1997, kur n\u00ebna Taibe zuri shtratin p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos u ngritur m\u00eb, me bashk\u00ebshorten e tij, Nikolet\u00ebn, vendos\u00ebn q\u00eb Nelsoni ta linte pun\u00ebn dhe, sipas tradit\u00ebs shqiptare, t\u00eb merrej vet\u00ebm me kujdesin p\u00ebr t\u00eb. Q\u00eb nga koha kur n\u00ebna nd\u00ebrroi jet\u00eb, n\u00eb vitin 2004, ai i \u00ebsht\u00eb kthyer pasionit t\u00eb rinis\u00eb, biologjis\u00eb, dhe tani s\u00eb fundi edhe albanologjis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

BABAI, MES AMERIK\u00cbS DHE SHQIP\u00cbRIS\u00cb<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kur u shpall pavar\u00ebsia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb babai i Nelsonit, Rakipi, ishte 12 vje\u00e7. Kufijt\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb q\u00eb u aprovuan n\u00eb parim nga Konferenca e Ambasador\u00ebve n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr b\u00ebn\u00eb q\u00eb familja e babait, si dhe i gjith\u00eb fisi i \u00c7abejve, t\u00eb humbiste t\u00eb gjitha pronat dhe burimet e jetes\u00ebs q\u00eb mbet\u00ebn matan\u00eb atij kufiri, n\u00eb Greqi. P\u00ebr familjen e babait t\u00eb tij gjendja ishte edhe m\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb se e \u00e7abejve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, sepse n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, Rakipit i vdiq i ati. Me 5 f\u00ebmij\u00eb jetim\u00eb, n\u00ebna e tij nuk kishte rrug\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7 t\u2019i niste djemt\u00eb n\u00eb kurbet, n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb, ku babai i Nelsonit mori rrug\u00ebn e larg\u00ebt. Emigroi n\u00eb vitin 1916, bashk\u00eb me dy v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit m\u00eb t\u00eb rritur.<\/p>\n

Ai u integrua n\u00eb jet\u00ebn amerikane, por lidhjet me Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb i ruajti dhe i forcoi duke u martuar n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri pas 14 vjet m\u00ebrgimi n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb. N\u00eb SHBA ai u kualifikua si mekanik n\u00eb Westinghouse Electric Co., ku punoi thuajse gjith\u00eb jet\u00ebn. Me v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit, Rakipi bleu edhe 40 hektar\u00eb tok\u00eb n\u00eb Virua t\u00eb Gjirokastr\u00ebs dhe rreth tij. Krenaria e babait ishte pjes\u00ebmarrja e tij si mekanik n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e radioteleskopit m\u00eb t\u00eb madh t\u00eb asaj kohe t\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb Pasadena, Kalifornia. N\u00eb vitin 1957 babai u riatdhesua n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri duke i sjelle t\u00eb birit, Nelsonit, libra fundamental t\u00eb shkenc\u00ebs veterinare. Babai vdiq n\u00eb vitin 1983.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb gjente teoria Darviniane e evolucionit gradual t\u00eb llojeve i ka ndjer\u00eb edhe Profesor Nelson \u00c7abej dhe, duke u marr\u00eb me to, ka zhvilluar teorin\u00eb e vet t\u00eb evolucionit. Ai arriti n\u00eb iden\u00eb themelore mbi rolin qendror t\u00eb informacionit epigjenetik\u00eb n\u00eb zhvillimin dhe evolucionin e bot\u00ebs s\u00eb gjall\u00eb rreth […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-13046","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-artikuj"},"yoast_head":"\nProf. Nelson \u00c7abej, shqiptaro-amerikani q\u00eb ka tronditur opinionin shkencor me teorin\u00eb e tij t\u00eb evolucionit - FjALA e LIR\u00cb - Arkivi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fjala.info\/2009-2015\/prof-nelson-cabej-shqiptaro-amerikani-qe-ka-tronditur-opinionin-shkencor-me-teorine-e-tij-te-evolucionit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Prof. Nelson \u00c7abej, shqiptaro-amerikani q\u00eb ka tronditur opinionin shkencor me teorin\u00eb e tij t\u00eb evolucionit - FjALA e LIR\u00cb - Arkivi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"P\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb gjente teoria Darviniane e evolucionit gradual t\u00eb llojeve i ka ndjer\u00eb edhe Profesor Nelson \u00c7abej dhe, duke u marr\u00eb me to, ka zhvilluar teorin\u00eb e vet t\u00eb evolucionit. 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