{"id":12665,"date":"2013-04-30T00:16:55","date_gmt":"2013-04-29T23:16:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fjala.info\/?p=2254"},"modified":"2013-04-30T00:16:55","modified_gmt":"2013-04-29T23:16:55","slug":"lindja-e-televizioneve-private-ne-shqiperi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/2009-2015\/lindja-e-televizioneve-private-ne-shqiperi\/","title":{"rendered":"Lindja e televizioneve private n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\" NGA ELVIN LUKU<\/strong>, 30 PRILL 2013<\/em><\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb punim merret n\u00eb shqyrtim nj\u00eb nga periudhat m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb televizionit shqiptar: lindja e televizioneve private n\u00eb vend nga viti 1995-2000.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar k\u00ebt\u00eb studim jan\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzuar materialet arkivore t\u00eb dor\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb, si: vendime, raporte dhe dokumenta t\u00eb tjer\u00eb nga KKRT; analiz\u00eb e artikujve e periodik\u00ebve t\u00eb koh\u00ebs; analiz\u00ebn e studimeve dhe raporteve nga institutet dhe organizatat e huaja; intervista me gazetar\u00eb e drejtor\u00eb televizionesh, pronar\u00eb e ish-pronar\u00eb televizionesh, ish-kryetarin e punonj\u00ebs n\u00eb KKRT; studimin e ligjeve p\u00ebr median eletkronike; referimin e autor\u00ebve bashk\u00ebkohor t\u00eb komunikimit dhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave sasiore ekzistuese t\u00eb paraqitura me tabela dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb grafike.<\/p>\n

Televizioni n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Qendrore dhe Lindore post-komuniste<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb komunizmit, u shtrua nevoja e nj\u00eb pluralizmi t\u00eb medias dhe krijimit t\u00eb t\u00eb ashtuquajturit treg mediatik. N\u00eb rastin e televizionit, gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj periudhe, n\u00eb shtetet e Evrop\u00ebs Q\u00ebndrore dhe Lindore u vun\u00eb re dy tendenca: E para ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me transformimin e televizionit nga shtet\u00ebror n\u00eb publik, nd\u00ebrsa fenomeni i dyt\u00eb lidhet me liberalizimin e tregut dhe lindjen e televizioneve t\u00eb para private, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e mir\u00eb e t\u00eb cilave n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb jasht\u00ebligjshme.[1]<\/p>\n

Ndon\u00ebse ishte shteti i fundit q\u00eb rr\u00ebzoi komunizmin m\u00eb 1990,[2] as Shqip\u00ebria nuk mbeti jasht\u00eb k\u00ebtyre zhvillimeve. M\u00eb 25 dhjetor t\u00eb vitit 1995 nis transmetimin televizioni i par\u00eb privat n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, Shijak TV,[3] nd\u00ebrsa ligji p\u00ebr \u201cMedian Elektronike\u201d, q\u00eb e cil\u00ebson TVSH-n\u00eb nj\u00eb televizion publik dhe parashikon hapjen e TV-ve private, u aprovua m\u00eb 30 shtator 1998[4] dhe hyri n\u00eb fuqi m\u00eb 4 tetor 1998.[5] Deri n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb miratimit t\u00eb k\u00ebtij ligji, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri ishin hapur gjithsej 31 televizione private dhe dy studio prodhimi,[6] pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e tyre u licensua n\u00eb tetor-dhjetor 2000.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Q\u00ebndrore dhe Lindore \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrzgjedhur si model zhvillimi ai i televizioneve n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb n\u00eb krahasim me modelin amerikan, duke mos e privatizuar t\u00eb gjith\u00eb tregun, por duke ruajtur televizionin publik. Zgjedhja e modelit n\u00eb vendet ish-komuniste \u00ebsht\u00eb pasuar n\u00eb terren: a) liberalizim t\u00ebr\u00ebsor i tregut; b) hartimi ose p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i ligjit; c) rregullimi i disa prej problemeve t\u00eb hasura n\u00eb terren mes operator\u00ebve dhe institucionit rregullator.[7]<\/p>\n

Hapja dhe konsolidimi i televizioneve private n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri<\/strong><\/p>\n

2.1 Lindja e televizionit t\u00eb par\u00eb privat dhe dy operator\u00ebve komb\u00ebtar n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Politizimi i tejkajsh\u00ebm i medias s\u00eb vetme vizive TVSH-s\u00eb,[8] dhe vullneti politik p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos bllokuar hapjen e TV-ve private,[9] ndon\u00ebse nuk parashikohej n\u00eb ligj, i la rrug\u00eb t\u00eb lir\u00eb fillimisht tezave t\u00eb hedhura n\u00eb shtyp p\u00ebr operator\u00eb privat, ku nuk p\u00ebrjashtohej dhe kalimi i TVSH-s\u00eb nga television shtet\u00ebror n\u00eb privat. [10]<\/p>\n

Pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb, ndon\u00ebse jo nga ligjv\u00ebn\u00ebsit dhe nga TVSH-ja, ndryshimi erdhi. M\u00eb 25 dhjetor 1995 nis transmetimet e para televizioni Shijak TV, dat\u00eb kjo q\u00eb sh\u00ebnon lindjen e televizionit t\u00eb par\u00eb privat n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.[11] Ky televizion ndante ambjentet e nj\u00eb godine t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt me Pallatin e Kultur\u00ebs dhe Xhamin\u00eb.[12] Sikurse tregon vet\u00eb pronari i k\u00ebtij televizioni, G\u00ebzim Ismaili, i diplomuar n\u00eb mjek\u00ebsi, por me profesion biznesmen, ideja p\u00ebr hapjen e nj\u00eb TV-je lindi nga nj\u00eb bised\u00eb e rast\u00ebsishme miqsh, mes tij dhe inxhinjer Muhamer \u00c7ipit, t\u00eb dy k\u00ebta bashk\u00ebpronar t\u00eb nj\u00eb dyqani \u201cRiparim Televizor\u00ebsh\u201d, n\u00eb Shijak. [13] N\u00eb qershor t\u00eb vitit 1995, z. Ismaili blen n\u00eb Maqedoni nj\u00eb transmetues, p\u00ebr t\u00eb ritransmetuar kanale t\u00eb televizioneve t\u00eb huaja,[14] por modeli q\u00eb Shijak TV ndoqi, sipas tij, ishte ai italian. Programi i par\u00eb q\u00eb u transmetua, n\u00eb televizionin e par\u00eb privat n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, Shijak TV, n\u00eb formatin e transmetimit VHS, ishin filmimet me nj\u00eb kamera amatore n\u00eb disa shkolla 8-vje\u00e7are, ku f\u00ebmij\u00ebt festonin Vitin e Ri dhe Krishtlindjet.[15]<\/p>\n

Q\u00eb nga ky moment e deri n\u00eb n\u00ebntor t\u00eb vitit 1998, nj\u00eb muaj pas hyrjes n\u00eb fuqi t\u00eb ligjit p\u00ebr radion dhe televizionin, Shijak TV zhvendos studion qendrore n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb dhe kalon nga sistemi VHS n\u00eb Super VHS dhe Beta.[16] Pas transferimit, televizioni num\u00ebron edhe studiot n\u00eb Shijak, Durr\u00ebs, Kavaj\u00eb dhe Lezh\u00eb, me nj\u00eb personel prej 19 punonj\u00ebsish me koh\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb, nga t\u00eb cil\u00ebt 7 prej tyre gazetar\u00eb.\u20f0<\/p>\n

Megjith\u00ebse Shijak TV konsiderohet si televizioni i par\u00eb privat n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, nj\u00eb studim i Soros-it, thekson se transmetimet e para televizive t\u00eb nj\u00eb stacioni shqiptar datojn\u00eb pak muaj m\u00eb her\u00ebt, n\u00eb mes t\u00eb vitit 1995, me shfaqjen e logos s\u00eb Telenorb\u00ebs Shqiptare me qend\u00ebr n\u00eb Bari t\u00eb Italis\u00eb, n\u00eb ekranet shqiptare. Megjithat\u00eb TNSH-ja, pjes\u00eb e Telenorba Italia, merr autorizimin zyrtar p\u00ebr t\u00eb transmetuar n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri nga qeveria shqiptare, n\u00eb prill t\u00eb vitit 1996, muaj q\u00eb sh\u00ebnon zyrtarisht lindjen e k\u00ebtij televizioni privat n\u00eb vend.[17]<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrpara nisjes s\u00eb transmetimeve t\u00eb Shijak TV, n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 1995, themelohet studioja e par\u00eb e prodhimit \u201cGjeli Vizion\u201d, n\u00ebn pron\u00ebsi t\u00eb Agim Buxhelit. \u201cGjeli Vizion\u201d ishte nj\u00eb studio televizive prodhimi e l\u00ebvizshme, q\u00eb mund\u00ebsonte nj\u00eb transmetim me kat\u00ebr kamera.[18]<\/p>\n

Nga viti 1995 e deri n\u00eb shtator t\u00eb 1998-\u00ebs, kur aprovohet ligji p\u00ebr \u201cMedian Elektronike\u201d, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri ishin hapur rreth 33 operator\u00eb privat\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2000 jan\u00eb hapur 51 televizione,\u20f0 nd\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt Shijak TV m\u00eb 25 dhjetor 1995, televizioni i dyt\u00eb privat Antena Jug n\u00eb Gjirokast\u00ebr m\u00eb 21 prill 1996, televizioni i par\u00eb q\u00eb nisi transmetimet n\u00eb kryeqytet n\u00eb maj t\u00eb 1996 Alba TV, TVA n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb dhe TV Rozafa n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr n\u00eb dhjetor 1996, Teuta TV n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs, n\u00eb mars t\u00eb 1997, TV Klan n\u00eb tetor 1997, TV Koha n\u00eb n\u00ebntor 1998 e Vizion TV n\u00eb n\u00ebntor t\u00eb 1999 n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb etj\u2026\u20f0<\/p>\n

Televizioni privat TVA, i cili m\u00eb 14 n\u00ebntor 2000, licensohet nga KKRT si nj\u00eb nga dy televizionet komb\u00ebtare private bashk\u00eb me TV Klan,[19] ka nisur transmetimet e tij me sistemin VHS n\u00eb dhjetor 1996 nga Qendra Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare e Kultur\u00ebs (Piramida). Ndryshe nga pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e televizioneve t\u00eb tjera private, Tele Arb\u00ebria nisi transmetimet me program 24 or\u00eb, pa asnj\u00eb nd\u00ebrprerje, dhe val\u00ebt e tij mbulonin vet\u00ebm kryeqytetin. Programi i TVA-s\u00eb n\u00eb nisje t\u00eb tij ka patur karakter artistik. Pas mesnate, TVA lidhej drejtp\u00ebrdrejt me satelit me kanalin muzikor \u201cMCM\u201d ose me stacione t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb huaja.[20] P\u00ebr t\u2019u evidentuar \u00ebsht\u00eb fakti q\u00eb filmat dhe lidhjet satelitore t\u00eb cilat transmetoheshin n\u00eb TVA, ashtu si dhe n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb televizioneve private, ishin pa p\u00ebrkthim.[21] Ky fenomen nis t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb viteve \u201990, n\u00eb disa nga televizionet private t\u00eb cilat nisin t\u00eb konsolidohen, nga pik\u00ebpamja e financave, stafit, struktur\u00ebs e programacionit.[22]<\/p>\n

Miratimi i ligjit p\u00ebr Radiotelevizionin e gjen TVA-n\u00eb t\u00eb zhvendosur n\u00eb katin e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrtes\u00eb n\u00eb Rrug\u00ebn e Kavaj\u00ebs, n\u00eb nj\u00eb ambient t\u00eb marr\u00eb me qera, ku q\u00ebndroi deri n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vitit 2000, para se t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoheshin zyrat e reja n\u00eb Pallatin e Kultur\u00ebs.[23] Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj kohe, ky televizion privat nd\u00ebrton gradualisht stafin dhe deri n\u00eb janar t\u00eb 1999-\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb ekrani me numrin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh t\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve t\u00eb angazhuar me koh\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb, q\u00eb p\u00ebrllogaritet n\u00eb 43 vet\u00eb.\u20f0 Nga k\u00ebta nj\u00eb personel prej 10 vet\u00ebsh (gazetar\u00eb e kameraman\u00eb) punojn\u00eb p\u00ebr departamentin e lajmeve, q\u00eb, sikurse pohon edhe drejtori i informacionit t\u00eb TVA-s\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, Rezear Xhaxhiu, p\u00ebrb\u00ebnte fokusin kryesor t\u00eb k\u00ebtij televizioni. N\u00eb vitin 2002 inspektimet e Departamentit Teknik t\u00eb KKRT-s\u00eb, e p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb zon\u00ebn e mbulimit t\u00eb TVA-s\u00eb me sinjal cil\u00ebsor n\u00eb 27.39% t\u00eb territorit t\u00eb vendit.[24]<\/p>\n

Televizioni Klan, operatori i dyt\u00eb q\u00eb licensohet nga KKRT-ja n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2000 si televizion komb\u00ebtar, nis transmetimet e para n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb, m\u00eb 25 tetor t\u00eb vitit 1997. Ndryshe nga stacionet e tjera, ky kanal fillon transmetimin me sistemin Super VHS, nga nj\u00eb vile trekat\u00ebshe n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn \u201cMyslym Shyri\u201d,[25] me nj\u00eb programacion vet\u00ebm me filma, por pa p\u00ebrkthim. N\u00eb qershor t\u00eb 1998-\u00ebs, ky televizion nis t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb gjith\u00eb sistemin e transmetimit n\u00eb Beta.[26] Krahas teknologjis\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrparuar n\u00eb raport me kanalet konkurrente, televizioni Klan prezantohet n\u00eb treg me 24 or\u00eb program, nga t\u00eb cilat 7 or\u00eb e gjysm\u00eb transmetim n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe. Deri n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb ky televizion transmetonte dy edicione lajmesh, n\u00eb or\u00ebn 19 e 30 dhe 23.00, p\u00ebr ta ndryshuar programacionin m\u00eb von\u00eb me 4 edicione lajmesh.[27]<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrpara se ky kanal t\u00eb ndryshonte ambientet e tij n\u00eb t\u00eb ashtuquajtur\u00ebn \u201cSalla e Lojrave\u201d n\u00eb shkurt 1999,[28] Klan TV num\u00ebron nj\u00eb personel prej 41 punonj\u00ebsish, nga t\u00eb cil\u00ebt 14 gazetar\u00eb dhe kameraman\u00eb. Emisioni i par\u00eb i transmetuar n\u00eb frekuencat e k\u00ebtij kanali televiziv ka qen\u00eb \u201cFranc\u00eb 1998\u201d, nj\u00eb program sportiv i prezantuar nga Pandi La\u00e7o, Bledar La\u00e7o dhe Agron Llakaj. Ky operator pretendonte se deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2000 do t\u00eb mbulonte 70% t\u00eb territorit me sinjal, [29] megjithat\u00eb kjo statistik\u00eb e prezantuar n\u00eb KKRT \u00ebsht\u00eb e pasakt\u00eb, pasi n\u00eb matjet teknike q\u00eb institucioni rregullator ka kryer n\u00eb vitin 2002 rezulton se, TV Klan mbulon 40.91% t\u00eb territorit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.[30]<\/p>\n

2.2 Arritjet dhe ploblematikat e operator\u00ebve televiziv deri n\u00eb vitin 2000<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb pjes\u00ebn d\u00ebrrmuese t\u00eb rasteve deri n\u00eb vitin 2000, televizionet jan\u00eb hapur pa nj\u00eb projekt t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb dhe t\u00eb specializuar p\u00ebr nj\u00eb nism\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb. K\u00ebtu mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendim ambjentet n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat k\u00ebto televizione jan\u00eb ngritur, ku n\u00eb 75 % t\u00eb rasteve rezulton t\u00eb jen\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatur n\u00eb apartamente, kate vilash t\u00eb marra me qera,[31] apo n\u00eb nj\u00eb godin\u00eb me xhamin\u00eb, si\u00e7 ishte rasti i TV Shijak.<\/p>\n

Fuqia ekonomike e nj\u00eb televizioni shikohet edhe n\u00eb stafin dhe teknologjin\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor. Rezulton se deri m\u00eb 1999, vet\u00ebm tre stacione nga mbi 30 t\u00eb till\u00eb kishin nj\u00eb personel t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm me mbi 35 veta, kat\u00ebr stacione me rreth 20-25 veta, nd\u00ebrsa pjesa tjet\u00ebr me nj\u00eb personel shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl se aq. Megjithat\u00eb, k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna duhet t\u00eb merren me rezerva, pasi ato bazohen n\u00eb deklarimet e vet\u00eb pronar\u00ebve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb stafit e pun\u00ebson n\u00eb t\u00eb zez\u00eb, t\u00eb deklaruar si part-time.<\/p>\n

Sa i takon sistemit t\u00eb transmetimit, pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e operator\u00ebve i kan\u00eb nisur transmetimet e para me kamera amatore VHS dhe, m\u00eb pas, kan\u00eb kaluar n\u00eb sistem gjysm\u00eb profesional Umatik apo SVHS. N\u00eb vitin 1999, vet\u00ebm TV Klan, TNSH dhe Alba TV, rezultojn\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht nj\u00eb sistem transmetimi profesional Beta, nd\u00ebrsa pjesa tjet\u00ebr e televizioneve operonte me sisteme gjysm\u00ebprofesionale.[32]<\/p>\n

T\u00eb ardhurat e nj\u00eb televizioni p\u00ebrmes reklamave deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 1998 kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb pamjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb shpenzimet e nj\u00eb televizioni, sidomos n\u00eb rrethe. Koncernet e m\u00ebdha, q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebnin numrin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh t\u00eb financimeve n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet reklamave si Coca Cola, kompania e sigurimeve INSIG, Deka Co., Albanian Interlines dhe Orbit Gum, operonin kryesisht n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb. \u00c7mimet e spoteve p\u00ebr nj\u00eb reklam\u00eb 30 sekonda (standardi i reklamave n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb), varion nga 1000 lek\u00eb deri n\u00eb 6000 lek\u00eb p\u00ebr transmetim, sipas stacioneve. Jasht\u00eb Tiran\u00ebs, reklamat zgjasin nga 20 sekonda deri n\u00eb disa minuta dhe pagesat variojn\u00eb nga 100 lek\u00eb deri n\u00eb 3000 lek\u00eb p\u00ebr transmetim. Nj\u00eb burim kryesor t\u00eb ardhurash p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e stacioneve \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetja nga ekrani i shikuesve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb fotografi t\u00eb shoq\u00ebruara me njoftime t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr dit\u00eblindje, martesa apo thjesht p\u00ebr arg\u00ebtim.<\/p>\n

Nga viti 1995 deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb 1999-\u00ebs v\u00ebrehet nj\u00eb munges\u00eb serioze e personelit me p\u00ebrgatitje apo p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb n\u00eb televizion. Ndon\u00ebse ka punonj\u00ebs t\u00eb TVSH-s\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ndihmojn\u00eb privatisht disa stacione, shumica e stafit nuk kan\u00eb patur ndonj\u00eb trajnim apo specializim n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb. V\u00ebrehet nj\u00eb munges\u00eb e theksuar njohurish n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin me efikasitet t\u00eb pajisjeve q\u00eb zot\u00ebrojn\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e teknik\u00ebve n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb periudh\u00eb kan\u00eb mbaruar inxhinieri elektrike.[33]<\/p>\n

Sa i p\u00ebrket gazetar\u00ebve, pjesa tjet\u00ebr e tyre vinin kryesisht nga gazetat ose nga bankat e shkollave t\u00eb deg\u00ebve gjuh\u00eb-let\u00ebrsi, ekonomik dhe m\u00eb von\u00eb gazetari.[34] Duhet th\u00ebn\u00eb se puna si gazetar, sidomos ata me m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb, paguhej mir\u00eb n\u00eb raport me profesionet e tjera n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Po t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb nj\u00eb krahasim, nj\u00eb drejtor drejtorie n\u00eb ministri n\u00eb vitin 1999 kishte nj\u00eb pag\u00eb bruto 44 330 lek\u00eb n\u00eb muaj,[35] nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb kryeredaktor ose nj\u00eb drejtor televizioni, n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn periudh\u00eb, kishte nj\u00eb pag\u00eb nga 50 000 \u2013 100 000 lek\u00eb n\u00eb muaj.[36]<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb periudh\u00eb, sipas nj\u00eb studimi t\u00eb qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb mediave dhe fondacionit Soros, pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e programacionit 24 or\u00ebsh mbushej, n\u00eb nj\u00eb mesatare t\u00eb mbi 30 televizioneve, me 7 or\u00eb trasmentim n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe, nd\u00ebrsa pjesa tjet\u00ebr me lidhje direkte me kalalet e huaja q\u00eb n\u00eb mbr\u00ebmje von\u00eb e deri t\u00eb nes\u00ebrmen n\u00eb m\u00ebngjes.[37]<\/p>\n

Pavar\u00ebsisht k\u00ebtyre konstatimeve, duhet th\u00ebn\u00eb se k\u00ebta operator\u00eb kan\u00eb punuar n\u00eb kushtet e nj\u00eb destabiliteti politik dhe social, sidomos gjat\u00eb kriz\u00ebs s\u00eb marsit 1997. Shum\u00eb kanale u detyruan n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb ndalonin transmetimet p\u00ebr periudha t\u00eb ndryshme. Nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr ekranet m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb prekura nga trazirat e 1997-\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb televizioni Antena Jug n\u00eb Gjirokast\u00ebr, i cili pati humbje financiare q\u00eb p\u00ebrllogaritej n\u00eb 25 mij\u00eb $, gj\u00eb q\u00eb e detyroi k\u00ebt\u00eb stacion t\u00eb mbyllte transmetimin, p\u00ebr ta filluar at\u00eb disa muaj m\u00eb von\u00eb.[38]<\/p>\n

Themelimi i KKRT-s\u00eb dhe licensimi i televizioneve private<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00eb 30 shtator 1998 miratohet Ligji p\u00ebr median elektronike, i cili shfuqizon ligjin e miratuar m\u00eb 1997 dhe at\u00eb t\u00eb 1991-\u00ebs \u201cP\u00ebr Statusin e Radiotelevizionit Shqiptar\u201d,[39] rregullon organizimin e mediave publike dhe p\u00ebrcakton KKRT si nj\u00eb organ rregullator t\u00eb operator\u00ebve radioteleviziv privat\u00eb me t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb licensimit ose pezullimit t\u00eb licenses s\u00eb tyre. Megjithat\u00eb, edhe pse kuadri ligjor ishte i plot\u00eb, p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb vit asnj\u00eb nga operator\u00ebt privat\u00eb nuk u licensua dhe KKRT ekzistonte vet\u00ebm n\u00eb let\u00ebr. N\u00eb zbatim t\u00eb ligjit \u201cP\u00ebr radion dhe televizionin publik e privat n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d, n\u00eb ver\u00eb 1999, Parlamenti miratoi KKRT-n\u00eb dhe m\u00eb 21 janar 2000, ky institucion nxorri njoftimin n\u00ebp\u00ebr gazeta se do t\u00eb fillonte procedur\u00ebn e licensimit p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha stacionet e radios dhe t\u00eb televizionit q\u00eb kishin filluar t\u00eb transmetonin para dat\u00ebs 8 dhjetor 1999,[40] dat\u00eb kjo q\u00eb sh\u00ebnon lindjen e k\u00ebtij organi regullator p\u00ebr mediat elektronike.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vitit 2000, KKRT ndodhet p\u00ebrball\u00eb nj\u00eb realiteti konkret ku televizionet operonin n\u00eb kushtet e ilegalitetit. Nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, ky institucion rregullator kishte n\u00eb tryez\u00eb ligjin, nd\u00ebrsa, nga ana tjet\u00ebr, ishin operator\u00ebt me probleme t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb spektrin e frekuencave,[41] detyrimet fiskale, shtrirjen dhe cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e sinjalit, programacionin dhe problemet etike, filmat pa titrim, piraterin\u00eb e programeve, pun\u00ebn n\u00eb t\u00eb zez\u00eb t\u00eb gazetar\u00ebve etj., dhe presioni i tyre mediatik, sidomos n\u00eb prag t\u00eb dh\u00ebnies s\u00eb licensave lokale e komb\u00ebtare. [42]<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse do t\u00eb zbatohej n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb rigoroze ligji, at\u00ebher\u00eb KKRT duhet t\u00eb urdh\u00ebronte mbylljen e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb transmetuesve deri n\u00eb procesin e licensimit. Por ky institucion nuk veproi n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb me arsyetimin se nj\u00eb mas\u00eb e till\u00eb mbi median do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb goditje p\u00ebr demokracin\u00eb dhe gjith\u00eb shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb, e cila vinte nga zhvillime dramatike si ato t\u00eb 1997-\u00ebs.[43] K\u00ebshilli Komb\u00ebtar zgjodhi rrug\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, at\u00eb t\u00eb \u201camnistis\u00eb\u201d. Televizionet, t\u00eb cilat q\u00eb nga miratimi i ligjit e deri para licensimit nuk kishin paguar asnj\u00eb lloj takse p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb veprimtari ,[44] q\u00ebndruan t\u00eb hapura, u njoh\u00ebn me kushtet teknike dhe ligjore q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb plot\u00ebsonin p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrftuar nj\u00eb licens\u00eb dhe kishin n\u00eb dispozicion nj\u00eb afat t\u00eb caktuar p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmbushjen e k\u00ebtyre kushteve p\u00ebr licens\u00eb lokale dhe komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n

Megjith\u00eb akuzat n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb KKRT-s\u00eb, edhe pse nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e mir\u00eb e transmetuesve kishin sisteme amatore, ky institucion ka skualifikuar vet\u00ebm tre nga 51 operator\u00ebt q\u00eb kishin aplikuar p\u00ebr licens\u00eb, pasi K\u00ebshilli inkurajonte sidomos televizionet lokale, si nj\u00eb mjet informimi, kulture e arg\u00ebtimi. Sa i takon televizioneve komb\u00ebtare, licensimi i tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb sistemi pik\u00ebsh p\u00ebr \u00e7do kriter teknik e ligjor.\u20f0<\/p>\n

Pavar\u00ebsisht akuzave politike, dh\u00ebnia e kufizuar e dy licensave komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2000, rezulton t\u00eb jet\u00eb p\u00ebr shkaqe teknike,[45] nd\u00ebrsa tarifat q\u00eb televizionet paguanin p\u00ebr licens\u00eb ishin 10 000 dhe 15 000 lek\u00eb n\u00eb vit p\u00ebr TV lokale e 5 milion\u00eb n\u00eb vit p\u00ebr TV komb\u00ebtare. Ndryshe nga media e shkruar, operator\u00ebt radioteleviziv\u00eb i n\u00ebnshtrohen nj\u00eb procesi licensimi t\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebm p\u00ebr shkak se p\u00ebrdorin nj\u00eb burim t\u00eb kufizuar komb\u00ebtar, spektrin e frekuencave. KKRT e ka siguruar hart\u00ebn e frekuencave n\u00eb rang komb\u00ebtar vet\u00ebm n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2002.[46] Ish-kreu i KKRT-s\u00eb, z. Sefedin \u00c7ela thekson se mund\u00ebsia e kufizuar p\u00ebr licensa b\u00ebn q\u00eb ato t\u00eb jen\u00eb privilegj i atyre q\u00eb e fitojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb duke konkurruar sipas ligjit, pasi n\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit duhet th\u00ebn\u00eb se frekuencat jan\u00eb nj\u00eb pasuri komb\u00ebtare.[47] Sa i takon faktit se pse jan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb dy licensa, z. \u00c7ela sqaron se s\u00eb pari \u00ebsht\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb licens\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur munges\u00ebn e konkurrenc\u00ebs, s\u00eb dyti p\u00ebr shkak se mungonte harta e frekuencave dhe s\u00eb treti sepse numri i operator\u00ebve komb\u00ebtar\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb i pakufizuar p\u00ebr ar\u00ebsye teknike, por edhe sepse nuk ka treg p\u00ebr licensa televizionesh komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb palimituara.[48]<\/p>\n

KKRT, n\u00eb mbledhjet e datave 23 dhe 30 tetor, 14 n\u00ebntor dhe 11 dhjetor t\u00eb vitit 2000 licensoi 80 operator\u00eb privat\u00eb lokal dhe komb\u00ebtar\u00eb, nga t\u00eb cil\u00ebt 45 p\u00ebr transmetim t\u00eb televizioneve lokale, dy p\u00ebr televizione komb\u00ebtare, nj\u00eb p\u00ebr transmetim satelitor[49], – pra rreth 30 % e operator\u00ebve viziv\u00eb aktual\u00eb n\u00eb treg. Ndryshe nga sa \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar n\u00eb raportin e Institutit Shqiptar t\u00eb medias p\u00ebr vitin 2007 dhe punimin e koleges Tare t\u00eb botuar n\u00eb vitin 2008, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin thuhet se \u201cn\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, shumimi i stacioneve televizive ndodhi vet\u00ebm pas vitit 2000\u201d,[50] na rezulton se numri i televizioneve private t\u00eb licensuara n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn 1995-2000 \u00ebsht\u00eb 48 televizione, thuajse i barabart\u00eb me licensimet q\u00eb jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb deri n\u00eb 2005, me 47 operator\u00eb t\u00eb rinj.[51]<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 2001, KKRT licenson 15 televizione dhe 3 radio, t\u00eb cilat dalin n\u00eb transmetim vet\u00ebm pas miratimit t\u00eb licens\u00ebs, fakt ky q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebn progres p\u00ebr disipliminin e operator\u00ebve dhe moslejimin e transmetimeve t\u00eb paautorizuara.[52] Kjo periudh\u00eb e n\u00eb vijim sh\u00ebnon faz\u00ebn kur K\u00ebshilli Komb\u00ebtar konsolidon gradualisht infrastruktur\u00ebn q\u00eb sh\u00ebnon kulmin pasi ky institucion rregullator v\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn L\u00ebviz\u00ebse t\u00eb Monitorimit n\u00eb t\u00eb ashtuquajturin projekti \u201cDANIDA\u201d, dhe ku g\u00ebzon autoritetin e plot\u00eb mbi operator\u00ebt pasi fiton t\u00eb gjitha betejat ligjore me ta.[53]<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfundime<\/strong><\/p>\n

Periudha e lindjes s\u00eb televizioneve private n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri karakterizohet nga disa tipare kryesore:<\/p>\n

Hapja e televizioneve private t\u00eb palicensuara, si pasoj\u00eb e munges\u00ebs s\u00eb ligjit dhe t\u00eb nj\u00eb organi rregullator si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb KKRT, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb fenomen shqiptar, por nj\u00eb ngjarje q\u00eb ka ndodhur n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb vendeve ish-komuniste t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Qendrore dhe Lindore.
\nSkema e veprimit n\u00eb terren me tregun mediatik n\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebto shtete ka q\u00ebn\u00eb a) liberalizim t\u00ebr\u00ebsor i tregut; b) hartimi ose p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i ligjit; c) rregullimi i disa prej problemeve t\u00eb hasura n\u00eb terren mes operator\u00ebve dhe institucionit rregullator.<\/p>\n

Ngritja e televizioneve t\u00eb para private ka ardhur nga iniciativa rast\u00ebsore biznesmen\u00ebsh q\u00eb n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn d\u00ebrrmuese e njihnin shum\u00eb pak funksionimin e nj\u00eb televizioni. Stafi teknik dhe redaksional ka qen\u00eb jo profesional nd\u00ebrsa sistemet e transmetimit n\u00eb 90% t\u00eb rasteve kan\u00eb qen\u00eb amatore ose gjysm\u00eb profesionale.
\nTelevizionet operonin n\u00eb kushte shum\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira financiare, ndon\u00ebse deri n\u00eb vitin 2000 ato kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb regjistruara vet\u00ebm si biznese dhe nuk jan\u00eb taksuar p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e frekuenc\u00ebs si pasuri komb\u00ebtare. N\u00eb 75% t\u00eb rasteve TV-t\u00eb kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatura n\u00eb ambjente vilash apo apartamentesh t\u00eb marra me qera. Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e mir\u00eb e gazetar\u00ebve punonte n\u00eb t\u00eb zez\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa fitimet nga reklamat ishin shum\u00eb t\u00eb vogla, edhe p\u00ebr shkakun se bizneset m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha operonin n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb 1999 rreth 75% e operator\u00ebve kan\u00eb transmetuar 24 or\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb, por vet\u00ebm 7 or\u00eb kan\u00eb qen\u00eb transmentim n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe. Pjesa tjet\u00ebr mbushej me filma, lidhje direkte me kanale nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare muzikore, ndeshje sportive, dokumentar\u00eb etj., t\u00eb piratuar dhe pa p\u00ebrkthim n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe.
\nKKRT nis pun\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb koh\u00eb kur televizionet private ishin nj\u00eb realitet. Institucioni rregullator nuk i mbyll k\u00ebto televizione por i \u201camniston\u201d dhe i krijon mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb futen n\u00eb gar\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuar kushtet teknike dhe ligjore, p\u00ebr p\u00ebrftimin e nj\u00eb license komb\u00ebtare ose lokale.
\nN\u00eb kat\u00ebr mbledhjet e mbajtura deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2000, KKRT licenson 48 nga 51 televizionet n\u00eb treg, nga t\u00eb cil\u00ebt 45 me licens\u00eb lokale, dy me licens\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, nj\u00eb si televizion stelitor dhe skualifikon tre televizione.<\/p>\n

Frekuenca e licensimit t\u00eb televizioneve private rezulton t\u00eb jet\u00eb e nj\u00ebtrajtshme n\u00eb 5-vje\u00e7arin e par\u00eb (1995-2000) me 48 operator\u00eb televiziv dhe 47 t\u00eb till\u00eb n\u00eb 5-vje\u00e7arin e dyt\u00eb (2000-2005).
\nKKRT konsolidohet si institucion n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2002, kur zot\u00ebron hart\u00ebn e frekuencave n\u00eb rang komb\u00ebtar, v\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn L\u00ebviz\u00ebse t\u00eb Monitorimit n\u00eb t\u00eb ashtuquajturin projekti \u201cDANIDA\u201d, dhe ku g\u00ebzon autoritetin e plot\u00eb mbi operator\u00ebt pasi fiton t\u00eb gjitha betejat ligjore me ta.<\/p>\n

Bibliografi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Botime<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

Biberaj Elez, Shqip\u00ebria n\u00eb tranzicion: rruga e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb drejt demokracis\u00eb, Tiran\u00eb, Ora 2001<\/p>\n

Brez Jefferey A.. Vler\u00ebsimi i industris\u00eb s\u00eb televizioneve private n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. SOROS\/IREX, 29 Janar 1999<\/p>\n

Fuga Artan. Media, Politika Shoq\u00ebria (1990-2000). Tiran\u00eb: Dudaj, 2008<\/p>\n

Fuga Artan. Ikja nga kompleksi i Rozaf\u00ebs, Pej\u00eb, Dukagjini 2001<\/p>\n

Guid\u00eb p\u00ebr mediat elektronike, Instituti p\u00ebr Studime Publike dhe Ligjore, Tiran\u00eb, Janar 2000 Katheleen Imholz, Elina Ko\u00e7i, Robert Rittler. E drejta e mediave elektronike n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Tiran\u00eb: Horizont, Janar 2001<\/p>\n

Monitori Shqiptar i Medias 2003, Q\u00ebndra Shqiptare e Monitorimit t\u00eb Medias, Tiran\u00eb 2004<\/p>\n

Monitori Shqiptar i Medias 2004, Q\u00ebndra Shqiptare e Monitorimit t\u00eb Medias, Tiran\u00eb 2004<\/p>\n

Sparks Colin, Komunizmi, Kapitalizmi dhe Mass-Media. Tiran\u00eb 2000, Instituti Shqiptar i Medias<\/p>\n

Television accros Europe: regulation, policy and independence, Volumi 1, Monitoring Reports 2005, Open Society Institute<\/p>\n

Periodik\u00eb:<\/p>\n

Bungo Alda, \u201cTelevizionet private shqiptare nuk flasin shqip\u201d, Albania, 20 mars 1998<\/p>\n

\u00c7ela Sefedin, \u201cMediat elektronike \u2013 realitet dhe sfid\u00eb\u201d, Media Shqiptare, Nr. 8, tetor-dhjetor 2000, AMI, IREX SOROS<\/p>\n

\u00c7obani Agron, \u201cTelevizionet private pa struktur\u00eb dhe pa profile\u201d, Gazeta Shqiptare, 23 korrik 1998<\/p>\n

D.M., \u201cKush punon n\u00eb Televizion\u201d, Koha Jon\u00eb, 9 n\u00ebntor 1996<\/p>\n

Hoxhalli M., \u201c\u201cShijak TV\u201d, televizioni i par\u00eb privat n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri n\u00eb kat\u00ebrvjetor\u201d, Koha Jon\u00eb, 29 Dhjetor 1999<\/p>\n

\u201cKaos n\u00eb dh\u00ebnien e licensave komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb televizioneve private\u201d, Koha Jon\u00eb, 14 n\u00ebntor 2000<\/p>\n

Pepo Ylli. \u201cE ardhmja i takon vet\u00ebm Televizionit privat\u201d, Koha Jon\u00eb, 13 prill 1995<\/p>\n

Strakosha Bledi. \u201c\u201cTele Arb\u00ebria\u201d, 24 or\u00eb program\u201d, Gazeta Shqiptare, 21 janar 1997<\/p>\n

\u201cStafi i TV Koha, Konkurrenc\u00eb e pandershme e televizioneve private. Fillon lufta e val\u00ebve\u201d. Koha Jon\u00eb<\/p>\n

Tare Ilva. \u201cShp\u00ebrthimi i kanaleve televizive private n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb pas komuniste\u201d, Polis 8, Dim\u00ebr 2009<\/p>\n

\u201cTelevizionet private drejt ekspansionit n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri\u201d, Koha Jon\u00eb, 24 dhjetor 1998<\/p>\n

Xhunga Rudina. \u201cDo vendoset rendi n\u00eb televizionet private\u201d, Z\u00ebri i Popullit, 8 shkurt 2000<\/p>\n

Ligje:<\/p>\n

Ligji Nr. 7524, dat\u00eb 19 n\u00ebntor 1991, \u201cP\u00ebr Statusin e Radiotelevizionit Shqiptar\u201d<\/p>\n

Ligji nr. 7756, dat\u00eb 11 tetor 1993, \u201cP\u00ebr shtypin\u201d<\/p>\n

Ligji Nr. 8221, dat\u00eb 15 maj 1997 \u201cP\u00ebr Radio dhe Televizionin Publik e Privat n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d<\/p>\n

Ligji Nr. 8410 dat\u00eb 30.09.1998, \u201cP\u00ebr Radion dhe Televizionin Publik e Privat n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d<\/p>\n

Ligj Nr . 8655, dat\u00eb 31.07.2000, \u201cP\u00ebr disa ndryshime n\u00eb ligjin nr. 8410, dat\u00eb 30.09.1998, \u201cP\u00ebr Radion dhe Televizionin Publik e Privat n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d<\/p>\n

Dokumenta:<\/p>\n

KKRT, \u201cRaport mbi veprimtarin\u00eb e KKRT p\u00ebr vitin 2001\u201d<\/p>\n

KKRT, \u201cRaport mbi veprimtarin\u00eb e KKRT p\u00ebr vitin 2002\u201d 04.02.2003<\/p>\n

Shijak TV, \u201cZona e mbulimit me sinjal televiziv\u201d, viti 2000, KKRT<\/p>\n

TV Klan, \u201cT\u00eb dh\u00ebna mbi programet\u201d, viti 2000, KKRT<\/p>\n

TV Klan, \u201cHarta e shtrirjes s\u00eb sinjalit t\u00eb TV KLAN\u201d, viti 2000, KKRT<\/p>\n

Vendim Nr. 30, dat\u00eb 14.11.2000, \u201cP\u00ebr licensimin e operator\u00ebve privat\u00eb lokale radio FM dhe televiziv\u00eb\u201d, KKRT<\/p>\n

Vendim Nr.30, dat\u00eb 14.11.2000, \u201cP\u00ebr licencimin e operator\u00ebve privat\u00eb lokale radio FM dhe televizive\u201d KKRT<\/p>\n

Vendim Nr. 31, dat\u00eb 11.12.2000, \u201cP\u00ebr licencimin e operator\u00ebve privat\u00eb lokale radio FM dhe televizive\u201d KKRT<\/p>\n

Vendim Nr. 29, dat\u00eb 30.10.2000, \u201cP\u00ebr licencimin e operator\u00ebve private lokale p\u00ebr televizionin analogjik tok\u00ebsor dhe radio FM\u201d, KKRT<\/p>\n

Intervista:<\/p>\n

Intervist\u00eb me ish-kreun e KKRT-s\u00eb, Sefedin \u00c7ela, dt. 11.09. 2012<\/p>\n

Intervist\u00eb me ish-drejtorin e TVA, Rezear Xhaxhiu, 09.09.2012<\/p>\n

Intervist\u00eb telefonike me pronarin e TV Shijak, G\u00ebzim Ismaili, 31.10.2012<\/p>\n

Intervist\u00eb me ish-gazetar i TV Klan Roland Zili, aktualisht kryeredaktor n\u00eb Vizion Plus<\/p>\n

Intervist\u00eb me bashk\u00ebpronarin e TV Antena Jug, Ilirian Lluri, dt 23.10.2012<\/p>\n

Tabela:<\/p>\n

Kronologjia e hapjes s\u00eb TV-ve private deri n\u00eb janar 1999<\/p>\n

Vendimi i KKRT-s\u00eb p\u00ebr licensimin e TV-ve private dhe komb\u00ebtare, 2000<\/p>\n

Vler\u00ebsimi me pik\u00eb i operator\u00ebve konkurues p\u00ebr TV komb\u00ebtare<\/p>\n

Sh\u00ebnim<\/strong>: Studimi i plot\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb publikuar n\u00eb botimin \u201cHISTORIA E MEDIAS DHE MEDIATIZIMI I HISTORIS\u00cb\u201d, Universiteti i Tiran\u00ebs, Fakulteti i Historis\u00eb, Departamenti i Gazetaris\u00eb dhe Komunikimit. <\/em><\/p>\n

[1] Television accros Europe: regulation, policy and independence, Volumi 1, Monitoring Reports 2005, Open Society Institute, f. 32<\/p>\n

[2] Elez Biberaj, Shqip\u00ebria n\u00eb tranzicion: rruga e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb drejt demokracis\u00eb, Tiran\u00eb, Ora 2001, f.112<\/p>\n

[3] Jefferey A. Brez. Vler\u00ebsimi i industris\u00eb s\u00eb televizioneve private n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. SOROS\/IREX, 29 Janar 1999, f. 9-10<\/p>\n

[4] Ligj Nr . 8655, dat\u00eb 31.07.2000, \u201cP\u00ebr disa ndryshime n\u00eb ligjin nr. 8410, dat\u00eb 30.09.1998, \u201cP\u00ebr Radion dhe Televizionin Publik e Privat n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d<\/p>\n

[5] Katheleen Imholz, Elina Ko\u00e7i, Robert Rittler. E drejta e mediave elektronike n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Tiran\u00eb: Horizont, Janar 2001, f. 55<\/p>\n

[6] J. A. Brez, op.cit., f.10<\/p>\n

[7] Ilva Tare. \u201cShp\u00ebrthimi i kanaleve televizive private n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb pas komuniste\u201d, Polis 8, Dim\u00ebr 2009, f. 22<\/p>\n

[8] I. Tare, artikull i cituar, f. 22<\/p>\n

[9] Artan Fuga. Media, Politika Shoq\u00ebria (1990-2000). Tiran\u00eb: Dudaj, 2008, f. 459<\/p>\n

[10] Ylli Pepo. \u201cE ardhmja i takon vet\u00ebm Televizionit privat\u201d, Koha Jon\u00eb, 13 prill 1995, f. 4<\/p>\n

[11] KKRT<\/p>\n

[12] Intervist\u00eb telefonike me pronarin e TV Shijak, G\u00ebzim Ismaili, 31.10.2012<\/p>\n

[13] M.Hoxhalli. \u201c\u201cShijak TV\u201d, televizioni i par\u00eb privat n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri n\u00eb kat\u00ebrvjetor\u201d, Koha Jon\u00eb, 29 Dhjetor 1999, f. 20<\/p>\n

[14] I. Tare, artikull i cituar, f. 25<\/p>\n

[15] M.Hoxhalli, artikull i cituar, f. 20<\/p>\n

[16] M.Hoxhalli, artikull i cituar, f. 21<\/p>\n

\u20f0 Shih tabel\u00ebn: Kronologjia e hapjes s\u00eb TV-ve private deri n\u00eb janar 1999<\/p>\n

[17] Shijak TV, \u201cZona e mbulimit me sinjal televiziv\u201d, viti 2000, KKRT, f. 23, 115<\/p>\n

[18] Ibid., f. 134<\/p>\n

\u20f0 Shih tabel\u00ebn: Vendimi i KKRT-s\u00eb p\u00ebr licensimin e TV-ve private dhe komb\u00ebtare, 2000<\/p>\n

\u20f0 Shih tabel\u00ebn: Kronologjia e hapjes s\u00eb TV-ve private deri n\u00eb janar 1999<\/p>\n

[19] Vendim Nr. 30, dat\u00eb 14.11.2000, \u201cP\u00ebr licensimin e operator\u00ebve privat\u00eb lokale radio FM dhe televiziv\u00eb\u201d, KKRT<\/p>\n

[20] Bledi Strakosha. \u201c\u201cTele Arb\u00ebria\u201d, 24 or\u00eb program\u201d, Gazeta Shqiptare, 21 janar 1997, f. 3<\/p>\n

[21] Alda Bungo. \u201cTelevizionet private shqiptare nuk flasin shqip\u201d, Albania, 20 mars 1998, f.10<\/p>\n

[22] Intervist\u00eb me ish-drejtorin e TVA, Rezear Xhaxhiu, 09.09.2012<\/p>\n

[23] Ibid.<\/p>\n

\u20f0 Shih tabel\u00ebn: Kronologjia e hapjes s\u00eb TV-ve private deri n\u00eb janar 1999<\/p>\n

[24] KKRT, \u201cRaport mbi veprimtarin\u00eb e KKRT p\u00ebr vitin 2002\u201d, Nr.11\/1 prot., 04.02.2003, f. 15<\/p>\n

[25] Intervist\u00eb me ish-gazetar i TV Klan Roland Zili, aktualisht kryeredaktor n\u00eb Vizion Plus<\/p>\n

[26] J. A. Brez, op.cit., f. 99<\/p>\n

[27] TV Klan, \u201cT\u00eb dh\u00ebna mbi programet\u201d, viti 2000, KKRT<\/p>\n

[28] http:\/\/www.tvklan.al\/rreth_nesh.php<\/p>\n

[29] TV Klan, \u201cHarta e shtrirjes s\u00eb sinjalit t\u00eb TV KLAN\u201d, viti 2000, KKRT<\/p>\n

[30] KKRT, \u201cRaport mbi veprimtarin\u00eb e\u2026, f. 15<\/p>\n

[31] M.D., \u201cKush punon n\u00eb Televizion\u201d, Koha Jon\u00eb, 9 n\u00ebntor 1996, f.17<\/p>\n

[32] M.D., \u201cKush punon n\u00eb \u2026, f.17<\/p>\n

[33] Ibid., f. 7, 14<\/p>\n

[34] Intervist\u00eb me ish-drejtorin e TVA, Rezear Xhaxhiu, 09.09.2012<\/p>\n

[35] Zyra e finan\u00ebs n\u00eb Ministrin\u00eb e Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb<\/p>\n

[36] J. A. Brez, op.cit., f. 8<\/p>\n

[37] \u201cTelevizionet private drejt ekspansionit n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri\u201d, Koha Jon\u00eb, 24 dhjetor 1998, f.25<\/p>\n

[38] Intervist\u00eb me bashk\u00ebpronarin e TV Antena Jug, Ilirian Lluri, dt 23.10.2012<\/p>\n

[39] Ligji Nr. 7524, dat\u00eb 19 n\u00ebntor 1991, \u201cP\u00ebr Statusin e Radiotelevizionit Shqiptar\u201d<\/p>\n

[40] Katheleen Imholz, Elina Ko\u00e7i, Robert Rittler. E drejta e mediave elektronike n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Tiran\u00eb: Horizont, Janar 2001, f.109<\/p>\n

[41] \u201cStafi i TV Koha, Konkurrenc\u00eb e pandershme e televizioneve private. Fillon lufta e val\u00ebve\u201d. Koha Jon\u00eb, f.3<\/p>\n

[42] Rudina Xhunga. \u201cDo vendoset rendi n\u00eb televizionet private\u201d, Z\u00ebri i Popullit, 8 shkurt 2000, f.24<\/p>\n

[43] Intervist\u00eb me ish-kreun e KKRT-s\u00eb, Sefedin \u00c7ela, dt. 11.09. 2012<\/p>\n

[44] S. \u00c7ela, \u201cMediat elektronike \u2013 realitet dhe sfid\u00eb\u2026, f.19<\/p>\n

\u20f0 Shih tabel\u00ebn: Vler\u00ebsimi me pik\u00eb i operator\u00ebve konkurues p\u00ebr TV komb\u00ebtare<\/p>\n

[45] \u201cKaos n\u00eb dh\u00ebnien e licensave komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb televizioneve private\u201d, Koha Jon\u00eb, 14 n\u00ebntor 2000, f. 4-5<\/p>\n

[46] Raport mbi veprimtarin\u00eb e KKRT p\u00ebr vitin 2003, Monitori Shqiptar i Medias 2004, Q\u00ebndra Shqiptare e Monitorimit t\u00eb Medias, Tiran\u00eb 2004, f. 91<\/p>\n

[47] Sefedin \u00c7ela. \u201cMediat elektronike \u2013 realitet dhe sfid\u00eb\u201d, Media Shqiptare, Nr. 8, tetor-dhjetor 2000, AMI, IREX SOROS, f. 5<\/p>\n

[48] Intervist\u00eb me ish-kreun e KKRT-s\u00eb, Sefedin \u00c7ela, dt. 11.09. 2012<\/p>\n

[49] Sefedin \u00c7ela. \u201cMediat elektronike \u2013 realitet dhe sfid\u00eb\u201d, Media Shqiptare, Nr. 8, tetor-dhjetor 2000, AMI, IREX SOROS, f. 5<\/p>\n

[50] I. Tare, artikull i cituar, f. 24<\/p>\n

[51] Television in Europe f. 224<\/p>\n

[52] KKRT, \u201cRaport mbi veprimtarin\u00eb e KKRT p\u00ebr vitin 2001\u201d, f. 2<\/p>\n

[53] \u201cN\u00ebnt\u00eb ankesa n\u00eb gjykat\u00eb kund\u00ebr KKRT-s\u00eb\u201d, Monitori Shqiptar i Medias 2003, Q\u00ebndra Shqiptare e Monitorimit t\u00eb Medias, Tiran\u00eb 2004, f. 144<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

NGA ELVIN LUKU, 30 PRILL 2013 N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb punim merret n\u00eb shqyrtim nj\u00eb nga periudhat m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb televizionit shqiptar: lindja e televizioneve private n\u00eb vend nga viti 1995-2000. P\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar k\u00ebt\u00eb studim jan\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzuar materialet arkivore t\u00eb dor\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb, si: vendime, raporte dhe dokumenta t\u00eb tjer\u00eb nga KKRT; analiz\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nLindja e televizioneve private n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri - FjALA e LIR\u00cb - Arkivi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fjala.info\/2009-2015\/lindja-e-televizioneve-private-ne-shqiperi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lindja e televizioneve private n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri - FjALA e LIR\u00cb - Arkivi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"NGA ELVIN LUKU, 30 PRILL 2013 N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb punim merret n\u00eb shqyrtim nj\u00eb nga periudhat m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb televizionit shqiptar: lindja e televizioneve private n\u00eb vend nga viti 1995-2000. 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